2020版英语新素养总复习人教版语法专项突破讲义：第二部分+专题四+第四讲+名词性从句和答案.docVIP

PAGE 第四讲　名词性从句 [思维导图] Ⅰ.主语及主语从句 一、主语 1．概念：在句子中，主语是谓语所表示动作的发出者。主语一般位于句子开头，且不能省略。 2．充当主语的词、短语和句子：名词、代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)和从句等。 The patient’s family have expressed their gratitude to the press in letters for the money raised.(名词作主语) 病人的家人写信为筹集到的资金向媒体表示感谢。 Studying English is very important.(动名词短语作主语) 学习英语很重要。 二、主语从句 1．that引导的主语从句 (1)that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。 That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. 众所周知，地球围着太阳转。 (2)that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省略。常见句式主要有以下几种： ?It＋be＋形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等)＋that从句 It isn’t likely that I should accept such an offer as that. 我不可能接受像那样的帮助。 ?It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等)＋that从句 It’s no wonder that he didn’t want to go. 难怪他不想去。 ?It＋be＋过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，well－known，announced等)＋that从句 It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday. 会议被推迟到下周一已经定下来了。 [名师指津] 在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。 To master Mandarin，it is suggested that you (should)practice with Chinese people.(四川高考书面表达) 为了掌握普通话，建议你和中国人一起练习。 ?It＋特殊动词或短语(seem，appear，happen，matter，turn out，occur to，make no difference等)＋that从句 It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. 她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。 2．whether/if引导的主语从句 主语从句位于主句谓语动作前，表示“是否”，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水依赖于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It’s uncertain whether/if he’ll come this evening. 他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。 3．wh－类连接词引导的主语从句 wh－类连接词包括连接代词(who，whom，whose，what，whoever，whomever，whatever等)和连接副词(when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however等)。 What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。 Ⅱ.宾语与宾语从句 一、宾语 1．概念：宾语表示谓语动作的对象，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。 2．充当宾语的词、短语或句子：一般由名词、宾