考虑打桩反弹的组合锤头冲击过程的动态特性分析-中南大学学报.pdf

第 48 卷第 2 期 中南大学学报( 自然科学版) Vol.48 No.2 2017 年 2 月 Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology) Feb. 2017 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672−7207.2017.02.012 考虑打桩反弹的组合锤头冲击过程的动态特性分析 胡均平，李科军 ( 中南大学 机电工程学院，湖南 长沙，410083) 摘要：针对打桩过程中桩体容易损坏的现象，提出一种在锤体内腔填充质量块的组合锤头打桩的新型锤击模型。 运用键合图理论对锤击系统建模，为模拟打桩反弹时各质量块与垫层接触、分离的非线性特性，引入开关类量的 键合图元件功率结型结构(SPJ)，采用集中参数搭建锤击系统的键合图模型，据此建立可统一表达系统所有运动状 态的数学模型。利用量纲一分析法推导锤击力的数值解，并基于 Matlab 软件仿真分析填充质量块和垫层参数对锤 击力的影响。通过试验验证该模型的准确性。研究结果表明：采用组合锤头时，锤击力波形出现 2 个峰值，且峰 值减小，这不仅可以保护桩体，而且可提高能量传递效率；各参数中，填充质量块和锤垫对锤击性能的影响最大， 砧坐垫的影响次之，桩垫的影响最小。该模型可用于锤击系统的参数优化研究及动态特性分析。 关键词：组合锤头；键合图；反弹；锤击力 中图分类号：TH113.1 ；U415.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672−7207(2017)02−0348−07 Dynamic characteristics analysis of impact model of composite hammer considering rebound in piling HU Junping, LI Kejun (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Abstract: In view of the phenomenon of pile body damage in the process of pile driving, the impact model of composite hammer filled with mass in the inner cavity was proposed. The lumped parameter method was used to establish the bond graph model of impact model, which introduced the concept of switched power junctions (SPJ) to represent the nonlinear characteristics of contact and separation between masses and cushions, and then the system equations were derived from the model in a unified way. The method of dimensionless analysis was used to analyze the effect of various parameters on the impact force within the Matlab environment. The model was