初三英语语法学案---宾语从句.docVIP

第 PAGE 2 页 共 NUMPAGES 10 页 教育机构一对一 初三英语语法宾语从句 【直接引语变间接引语】 直接引语变间接引语就是将引语部分写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。 句型变化：(注意引导词) 直接引语 间接引语 转述陈述句 用that 引导的宾语从句，无词意，可省略 转述一般疑问句 用if\ whether 引导的宾语从句，意思是“_______”。（从句用陈述句语序） 转述特殊疑问句 用原来的特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句（从句用陈述句语序） 转述祈使句 用句型ask sb (not) to do sth tell sb (not) to do sth B. 时态变化：时态前推法 直接引语 间接引语 现在时 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时（或不变） 过去完成时（不变） 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、主句是一般现在时，从句用其所需要的时态。 2、主句是一般过去时态时，从句时态用相应的过去时。 3、若从句为客观理论、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，不受主句时态限制，从句仍用一般现在时。 C. 人称变化：如果直接引语中的人称是转述人本身，必须改为与转述人一致的人称代词。“一随主，二随宾，三不变” 1. She said, “My brother wants to go with me.” ( She said her brother wanted to go with her.) 2. He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?” ( He asked Kate how her sister was then. ) 3. Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.” (Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker) D. 时间状语变化： 1. now → then 2. this year → that year 3. yesterday → the day before 4. last week → the week before 5. three days ago → three days before 6. tomorrow → the next day 7. next week → the week after 8. today → that day 9. ago→ before 10.last night → the night before 11.the day before yesterday →two days before E. 其它：this → that, these → those, here → there, come → go. Bring →take(注意：表中这些情况，要根据具体情况而定，不可机械照搬。如果在当地转述，here 就不必改为there, come 也不必改为) F. 注意陈述句语序 即学即练 一、把直接引语改为间接引语。 “Did you see her last week?” he said. He ________ _______ I had seen her the week _______. She asked, “Are you from Hubei?” She asked _______ _______ ______ ______ Hubei. “ Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me ________ ______ ______ been ______ days. She said to me, “Don’t ride in the street.” She ______ me ______ _____ _____ in the street. 5. “I will go to America next year,” he said to me. He me go to America next year. 6. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat.