毕业设计（论文）《阴离子聚丙烯酰胺的制备与表征》.docVIP

兰州交通大学设计(论文) PAGE PAGE 1 阴离子聚丙烯酰胺的制备与表征 摘 要 双水相聚合反应是将一种水溶性单体、引发剂及分散介质溶解在水中，形成均相水溶液，一定条件下进行聚合反应，由于聚合物之间的相互作用，体系发生相分离，两种聚合物分别富集于各自相中，形成互不相溶的水溶性聚合物的聚合反应。它克服普通水溶液聚合高黏度、搅拌和传热困难等缺陷，而且聚合和使用过程中不存在有机溶剂污染后处理简单，是制备水溶性聚合物的新方法。但将两种水溶性单体，溶解在分散介质水溶液中进行共聚合，最终形成双水相体系的研究鲜有报道。聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）及其衍生物的均聚物与共聚物，是一种线型水溶性高分子。它是絮凝剂的一种，广泛应用于水处理、造纸、石油等工业部门。本论文以此为出发点，以丙烯酰胺（AM）和丙烯酸钠(NaAA)为原料，进行双水相共聚合反应，并对该共聚合反应进行了系统研究。 本论文考察了引发剂含量、聚合反应温度、体系pH值、共聚单体与分散介质摩尔配比、共聚单体摩尔配比等因素对HPAM的分子量、HPAM-PEG-水乳液体系稳定性以及残留单体量的影响。最后通过实验数据分析，确定了该双水相共聚合反应最佳反应工艺参数：n(AM)/n(NaAA)=4/1；n(AM+NaAA)/n(PEG)=3/5；n（kps）/n(AM+NaAA)=0.092%；体系pH=9；聚合反应温度333K。此条件下制得共聚产物的分子量达到3.0×106，并用Nicolet-20SX FT-IR红外光谱显示出聚合产物中酰胺基团和羧基官能团的存在，证明共聚产物具丙烯酰胺链接。 关键词：双水相聚合，丙烯酰胺，丙烯酸钠，稳定性 Preparation and characterization of anionic polyacrylamide ABSTRACT Aqueous two-phase polymerization is a new polymerization method,in which the water-soluble monomers,initiator and another water-soluble polymer are dissolved to form a homogeneous aqueous solution，then polymerize to form a heterogeneous polymeric disperse aqueous solution.The two polymers enriched in the disperse and continuous phase respectively．It overcame the problems of mixing and heat transfer of common polymerization system.The aqueous two-phase polymerization was performed in water without any organic solvent.It also overcame the pollution and recycle problems of organic solvent for inverse phase suspension polymerization,water-in-oil inverse phase emulsion polymerization and precipitation polymerization．It’s a new polymerization method for preparing the water soluble copolymer.Polyacrylamide(PAM) is the general designation of homopolymer and copolymer of acrylamide and it’s derivants. PAM is a linear water soluble polymer, which is widely used in water treatment paper making, petroleum and other industry. In this paper,the aqueous tow-phase polymerization of acrylamide and sodium acrylic acid was studied in detail. The effect of initiator amount,temperature of polymerization, pH of the system ,mole ratio