句子成分(正式版).pptVIP

Members of a Sentence Parts of speech 词类 / 词性 名词 noun (n.) ～人和事物的名称 代词 pronoun (pron.) ～代替名词的词 形容词adjective (adj.) ～修饰名词的词 数词numeral (num.) ～表示多少和第几的词 动词 verb (v.) ～表示动作和状态 副词 adverb [adv.] ～修饰动词 ,形容词和副词的词 冠词article (art.) ～说明名词所指的人或物 介词 preposition（prep.）～表示名词与其它词的关系 连词conjunction (conj.) ～连接词、短语和句子的词 感叹词interjection (inter.) ～表示感情的词 什么是句子？ 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有“．？！” I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is ! I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 地 点 状 语 ↓ 时 间 状 语 句子成分概述: 一个句子的各个组成部分,叫做句子成分. 句子的主要成分有： 主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、宾语（object） 表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)和状语(Adverbial). e.g. The taxi-driver shouted at me angrily. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 句子除了上述几种基本成分外, 还有补足语，同位语或一些独立成分, 如插入语、呼语和感叹语等. 宾语 e.g. Sandy, be quick. 呼语 Oh, my God! 感叹语 It’s too expensive, I think. 插入语 We all must help to fight pollution. 同位语 1.主语 Shanghai is in the east of China. I bought a new book. Three plus four is seven. To see is to believe. It is important to learn English. It is no use learning without thinking. 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体．一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位置一般在句首． It is a pity that you didn’t come to the party. 谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由动词或者动词短语构成．一般放在主语之后. He is a middle school student. The new term will begin on the 1st of September. His novel has been translated into English. 2. 谓语 3. 宾语 宾语是动作的对象，是动作的承受者. 由名词，代词，短语， 不定式，动名词，从句充当．宾语常用于及物动词之后, 称为动词宾语. 介词后面的名词或代词, 称为介词宾语. He lost his parents in his childhood. Everybody likes her. ---How many chairs do you want? ---I want four. I’d like to have some coffee. I haven’t finished reading your book yet. I think you are right. 4.表语： 表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的,即说 明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副 词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句 充当．一般用在be动词或连系动词之后。 I am a teacher. The leaves turn yellow in autumn. Everybody is here. They are at home n