词汇学第一章 The Basic Concepts of Words and VocabularyPPT.ppt

The Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary 2013-09 Chapter 1  Objectives To define word and vocabulary; To understand the arbitrary and conventional relationship between sound and meaning; To learn the causes of the differences between sound and form; To familiarize with the three main principles of lexical classification; To know the features of basic word stock and non-basic vocabulary and etc. Contents Definitions of a word Vocabulary Sound and meaning Sound and form Classification of words The course you are now learning is called “lexicology”. what is lexicology? Consult a dictionary. Task 1 Define “word” in your own words. 1.1 What is a word? Task 2 Based on your definition, decide whether or not each of the following is a word. Black bird, I, if, management, ing, ment Dict.cn Word [w?:d] a unit of language that native speakers can identify Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In?language, a?word?is the smallest free form that may be uttered in isolation with?semantic?or?pragmatic?content (with literal or practical meaning). This contrasts with a?morpheme, which is the smallest unit of meaning but will not necessarily stand on its own. A word may consist of a single morpheme (for example:?oh!, rock, red, quick, run, expect), or several (rocks, redness, quickly, running, unexpected), whereas a morpheme may not be able to stand on its own as a word (in the words just mentioned, these are?-s, -ness, -ly, -ing, un-, -ed). Our definition（Page 2） The definition of a word will cover the following points: a minimal free form of a language; a sound unity; a unit of meaning; a form that can function alone in a sentence. ※Therefore, we can say that “a word is a minimal free form of a language that has given sound, meaning and syntactic function”. 词是具有一定的声音、意义和句法功能，能够独立运营的最小的语言单位。 1.2 Vocabulary Task 1 The term “vocabulary” is used in different senses. Match the examples with the definition of vocabulary. A B the total num