微地形判释应用於土石流灾害之三维数值模拟.pdf

96 中華水土保持學報, 46(2): 96-105 (2015) Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 46 (2): 96-105 (2015) 微地形判釋應用於土石流災害之三維數值模擬 * 李璟芳 黃韋凱 曹鼎志 張玉粦 冀樹勇 摘 要 颱風豪雨所誘發山區大規模崩塌或土石流災害，其所挾帶之巨大衝擊力與土砂，常造成下游保全對 象生命財產威脅。為瞭解集水區尺度之潛在崩塌地土砂運移特性，本研究以光達掃瞄產製之高精度數值地形 進行崩塌地擴大之山崩微地形判釋。整合前期遙測影像比對與地質調查成果，採用 Voellmy-Salm model 為理 論基礎之三維土砂運移數值模擬程式 (RAMMS) ，以圈繪後之潛在重力變形區進行崩塌模擬。本文進一步考 慮集水區水文歷線特性，探討邊坡崩積土體轉化為土石流之動態特徵，如河流彎道超高、沖積扇堆積等，最 後導入危害矩陣 (hazard matrix) 概念進行危險度分級，以預測邊坡潛在土砂災害之影響範圍。 關鍵詞：崩塌、土石流、光達、微地形判釋、RAMMS 。 A Study of the Numerical Simulation of Debris Flow Hazard Combined with Micro-Photography Interpretation * Ching-Fang Lee Wei-Kai Huang Ting-Chi Tsao Yu-Lin Chang Shu-Yeong Chi ABSTRACT The sediment volume of deep-seated landslide and debris flows triggered by torrential rains often causes loss of lives and property in mountainous areas. For the purpose of understanding the characteristics of rapid mass movement on a watershed scale, this study utilized micro-photography interpretation based on the LiDAR scan- ning technique to determine unstable landslide zonation. In addition to multi-temporal satellite image interpretation and field investigation, the rapid mass movement process in a gravity deformation area was simulated by adopting the Voellmy-Salm model (RAMMS). The hydrograph variation in a catchment basin is introduced to investigate the de- tailed dynamic transportation behavior of debris flow such as super-elevation in a curve channel and alluvial fan for- mation in a valley. Finally, a hazard matrix concept is also proposed to classify the Debris flow hazar