第2章 xml基础语法2005.docVIP

Logical Structure in XML Logical structure refers to the organization of the different parts of a document. Put another way, logical structure indicates how a document is built, as opposed to what a document contains. The logical structure of an HTML document, for example, is indicated by the elements that make it up, as shown in the following code: Body content goes here /BODY /HTML This code indicates that the Head, Title, and Body elements are all contained within the Html element; that the Title element is located inside the Head element; and so on. The HTML 3.2 Document Type Definition (DTD, found at /TR/REC-html32.html#dtd, provides the complete rules for how an HTML document should be built. Physical Structure in XML The physical structure of an XML document is composed of all the content used in that document. If you think of the logical structure as the blueprint for a parking garage, you can think of the physical structure as all the actual parking spaces within the garage. These parking spaces or storage units, called entities, can be part of the document or external to the document (like offsite parking for the airport. Each entity is identified by a unique name and contains its own content, from a single character inside the document to a large file that exists outside the document. In terms of the logical structure of an XML document, entities are declared in the prolog and referenced in the Document element. An entity declaration tells the processor what to fill the parking space with. Once declared in the DTD, an entity can be used anywhere in the document. An entity reference tells the processor to retrieve the content of the entity, as declared in the entity declaration, and use it in the document. 2.13 小结 2.14 习题