泌尿生殖发生2010.pptxVIP

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  • 2019-11-15 发布于上海
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泌尿系统和生殖系统的发生 DEVELOPMENT OF UROGENITAL SYSTEMKey points1. Development of kidney and ureter;2. Septation of cloaca;3. Development of bladder and urethra;4. Malformation of the urinary system;5. Development of gonads;6. Development of genital ducts;7. Malformation of the genital system.掌握的内容 1.肾和输尿管的发生; 2.泄殖腔的分隔及膀胱和尿道的发生; 3.多囊肾和脐尿瘘的形成。 4.原始生殖细胞的发生和迁移; 5.睾丸和卵巢的发生; 6.生殖管道的演变; 7. 隐睾和先天性腹股沟疝的形成。 起源第三周 间介中胚层(mesoderm)头侧生肾节(nephrotome)—前肾腹、尾侧 生肾索(nephrogenic cord) ↓尿生殖生殖嵴(urogenital ridge) 内:生殖腺嵴gonadal ridge 外 :中肾嵴(mesonephric ridge) 中肾In the third week the intermediate mesoderm forms nephrotomes in the cervical part and nephrogenic cords in the remain part. Nephrogenic cords include mesonephric ridge and gonadal ridge.一、泌尿系统的发生 原基生肾节→前肾(nephrotome)生肾索→中肾、后肾 (nephrogenic cord)肾的原基(一)肾和输尿管的发生 1.前肾(pronephros) 4周初,在第7~14体节外的生肾节内发生, 由前肾小管(pronephric tubule) +前肾管(pronephric duct)组成。第4周末, 前肾退化。PronephrosCome from nephrotomesStructure a few pairs of pronephric tubules a pair of pronephric ducts Regresses by the end of week 4 of development and are not funcitonal in humans. 2.中肾(mesonephros) 4周末,14~28体节外的生肾索—中肾嵴内 80对中肾小管(mesonephric tubule ) + 1对中肾管(mesonephric duct,Wolffian duct)中肾小管呈S形 内侧:肾小囊 +血管球 肾小体 外侧:通入中肾管 第10周,大部分中肾小管消失;中肾管保留,与泄殖腔接通。Come from mesonephric ridgesStructure mesonephric tubules and mesonephric duct (wolffian duct) It is partially transitory and is functional for a short period.Mesonephros 3.后肾(metanephros) 和输尿管的发生 原基 中肾管末端→输尿管芽 (ureteric bud)生肾索尾段→生后肾原基 (组织) (metanephrogenic blastema) 输尿管芽(ureteric bud) 反复分支,形成 输尿管、肾盂、肾盏、乳头管和集合管。生后肾组织 (metanephrogenic tissue) 外周部分分化形成肾的被膜 内侧部分形成肾小管和肾小囊 近端小管头端凹陷形成肾小囊,与背主动脉分支形成的毛细血管形成肾小体;远端小管和集合管接通。Metanephros begin to form at week 5 and is functional in the fetus at about week 10 of development. 人类的永久肾为后肾,形成后由盆腔内移至腰部。前肾、中肾、后肾发生示意图后肾发生示意图后肾发生示意图后肾发生示意图后肾发生示意图Matenephros ureteric bud and metanephrogenic tissue ureteric bud: ureter, Renal pelvis, calyx , and collecting tubules et al. me

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