《新编剑桥商务英语unit11》.pptVIP

Module 11;11.1 Ethical economics;1. The two photos below show the beginning and the end of the process of making coffee. Work in pairs. How many stages can you think of in between to complete the process?;2. Write in the correct letter, A-F, for the missing sentences to complete the text. There is one extra sentence.;the coffee trade, which constitutes around 50% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and 90% of its exports. The average wage paid to laborers who pick the beans and work on farms is about 50p a day. So where do the added costs come from? According to experts, by the time it is consumed by us in our homes or in a coffee shop, the bean may actually change hands up to 150 times, each time facing a mark-up as it is transported, roasted, packaged and sold. (2)___________. Then another 10% in export costs with freight and insurance before an importer takes over. Finally, it is sold to us in a coffee shop – and running a coffee shop is not cheap. For example, take your typical coffee shop in a shopping precinct, seating 75 inside and 50 outside. The rent is ￡20,000 a year. (3)__________. In other words, even before adding staffing costs and overheads, setting aside an mount for redecoration and maintenance on the property, this particular coffee shop needs to sell a minimum;of 50,000 coffees a year, or 200 coffees a day. Factor in these additional costs and we are probably talking about a break-even total of 400 coffees a day. However, irrespective of how much we end up paying or the reasons why, the reality is that growers themselves see only a tiny proportion of that amount. Organizations like Fairtrade do try to make a difference. (4)___________. For example, a farmer selling a pound of Fairtrade Arabica coffee is paid $1.26 compared to the world market price of $1.10 a pound. The Fairtrade price also includes 5￠ which is invested back into community projects. Many shops and coffee bars do now offer Fairtrade coffee to customers alongside