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Laser Listening Practice Today were going to learn about lasers - what are they, and how they work. Well also practice structuring a description of how something works, and well work on our vocabulary for describing colors. Lets begin by listening to Imogen Jubb talk about the history and the science of lasers. Lasers are used in all sorts of settings like welding, cutting, surgery, communications, reading bar codes at the supermarket or reading the information stored on a CD or DVD. There are many types of lasers but they all have 3 main parts to them. They all have an energy source, such as a lamp, some sort of feedback mechanism, like this pair of mirrors, and also some medium, like the ruby crystal, which can amplify the light. Now the first laser was built in the 1960s. It was made from a ruby crystal, some lamps and two mirrors, one on either side of the crystal. --I’ve got a sort of model of it here. The lamp shines white light onto the crystal, which is represented by this tube. Pumping energy into the crystal actually gives off light at a particular frequency to produce a particular color. Some of this light bounces backwards and forwards between the two mirrors, and passes through the crystal each time. Each time the light goes through the crystal, it gets amplified, stimulating the same energy release in other parts of the crystal. So after many times in between the two mirrors, and many reflections passing through the crystal, you end up with a very strong, narrow beam of light that is just one color. One of the mirrors is only partially reflective, so some light passes out as the laser beam. in between = between * 使用说明：播放时点击右上角扬声器图标即可播放音频。 ? = (E2-E1)/h E1 E2 ? ? ? *