11 体液免疫应答.pptxVIP

Humoral immune response;* Introduction * Humoral immune response for TD-Ag * Humoral immune response for TI-Ag * Property of humoral immunity ;Introduction;the whole process of B cells recognition of antigens, activating, proliferating, differentiating into plasma cells, produce antibodies. The antibodies are exist in humora and carry out the effects. So it is called humoral immune response. Two kinds of antigen: TD-Ag need the help of T cells in this response; TI-Ag do not need.;体液免疫应答;抗体应答的类型;胸腺依赖性抗原（TD-Ag）应答 （蛋白抗原） 非胸腺依赖性抗原（TI-Ag)应答 （糖和糖脂类抗原）;TD抗原与TI抗原引起体液免疫的机制不同; According to whether humoral response require the aid of Th cells, we can divided B cells into two subsets:  B1 (Th independent B cells)  B2 (Th dependent cells);* Introduction * Humoral immune response to TD-Ag * Humoral immune response for TI-Ag * Property of humoral immunity ;B细胞对TD-Ag的应答的主要特性 应答抗原：TD抗原 参与细胞：B2细胞、Th细胞和APC 三个阶段： B2细胞对抗原的识别 B2细胞的活化、增殖、分化 抗体（IgG为主）发挥免疫效应 应答场所：淋巴器官 整个过程包括：细胞免疫和体液免疫;; B cells recognize antigen through BCR(B cells can recognize native, whole Ag). Once BCR recognize Ag, the first signal generated and transmitted into B cells through Igα/Igβ;B cell antigen receptor complex;First signal;BCR can recognize epitopes directly;BCR识别抗原对B细胞激活的作用;activation, proliferation differentiaton; (1) Activation;Second signal;Humoral immune response to TD-Ag include the whole process of activation of T cells and B cells;;Th2细胞提供B细胞第二活化信号 活化的Th2细胞表达CD40L，与B细胞表面CD40分 子结合产生B细胞活化所需第二活化信号。 Th2细胞分泌细胞因子调节B细胞的活化;B细胞的活化;B细胞的活化;;问题： B细胞是否必须作为APC，先辅助Th细胞的活化，然后才能在Th细胞辅助下激活？还是其它APC先活化Th细胞，然后Th再辅助B细胞的活化？ B细胞与Th细胞相互作用的特点？;;Th细胞和B 细胞间相互作用;B细胞与Th细胞相互作用的特点;Bidirectional T cell -B cell interaction;B cell activation; B2细胞活化后，增殖、分化???浆细胞，产生IgG为主的抗体，部分B2细胞分化为记忆性B细胞，在再次免疫中发挥重要作用。 ?活化B细胞表达多种CKR ? 接受Th细胞分泌的CK IL-2,IL- 4,IL- 5促进B细胞增殖， IL-4,IL- 6,IFN-g促进B细胞分化。 ;增殖和分化;Cytokines promoting B cell activation, proliferation and differentiation;; * 体细胞高频突变与Ig亲和力成熟。 * 抗体类