贵州黔西土壤侵蚀敏感性评价.pdfVIP

第16卷摇 第2期 中 国 水 土 保 持 科 学 Vol.16摇 No.2 摇 2018年4月 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Apr.2018 贵州省黔西县土壤侵蚀敏感性评价 张景华,高摇 慧,欧阳渊,张建龙 (中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,610081,成都) 摘要:根据黔西县碳酸盐岩分布广、纯度高和土壤侵蚀不同于非喀斯特地区的特点,选取降雨侵蚀力、坡度、土壤质 地、植被类型、土壤允许流失量和基岩裸露率6个指标,在ArcGIS的支持下,开展土壤侵蚀敏感性评价,并从构造和 岩性2方面分析土壤侵蚀敏感性与地质背景之间的关系。 结果表明:1)黔西县土壤侵蚀以轻度—中度敏感为主, 占68郾93%,敏感性全县整体较低、局部较高,高度—极敏感主要分布于定新、铁石、沙井、锦星等乡镇,以定新乡最 为敏感;2)地质背景对黔西县土壤侵蚀敏感性有着深远的影响,构造通过控制地貌形态和岩性分布间接影响土壤 侵蚀敏感性,岩性直接控制着土壤侵蚀的敏感程度,岩性组合中碳酸盐岩的含量越多,土壤侵蚀越敏感,高度—极 敏感区绝大部分都在碳酸盐岩区。 关键词:土壤侵蚀;敏感性评价;地质背景;岩性;构造 中图分类号:S157郾1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096鄄2673(2018)02鄄0088鄄07 DOI:10.16843/ j.sswc.2018.02.012 Sensitivity evaluation of soil erosion in Qianxi county of Guizhou province ZHANGJinghua,GAO Hui,OUYANG Yuan,ZHANGJianlong (Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey,610081,Chengdu,China) Abstract:[Background]Qianxicounty of Guizhouprovinceisanimportantecologicalbarrierandplays an important role in ensuring the ecological security of the Wujiang River Basin. However,as a typical mountainouscountyinkarstregion,carbonaterocksaremorethan90% oftheareaof Qianxicounty,and affected by various reasons, thus the ecological environment is fragile. In this paper, the sensitivity evaluation of soil erosionwascarriedout,inordertoprovidethebasisfor soilandwaterconservationand ecological environment construction. [Methods] The geological environment of Qianxi county is characterized by wide distribution and high purity of carbonate rocks,and karst rocky desertification. Therefore,the soil erosion in Qianxi county is different from that of non鄄karst areas. In addition to rainfall,topography,soil an