上海地区国外树种引种调查分析.docVIP

上海地区国外树种引种调查分析 中国虐亏c薹搪2011,27(31):305—309 ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin 上海地区国外树种引种调查分析 刘述河,丁朋松,金丽凤,王锐,张德顺,张京伟 (烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台265500;上海市林业总站,上海200072: 卜海辰山植物园,卜海201602;同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,海200092) 摘要:为了给上海辰山植物园5大洲植物引种项目提供必须的树种材料,对上海20年来国外树种的引 种情况进行调查分析,对其科属分布,种源地情况,生态位,园林用途进行研究.结果表明:(1)槭树科的 木本植物引种数量最多,其次是豆科和桃金娘科;(2)美洲区系植物引种最多,达71种,其次为欧洲区系 31种;(3)生态位分析结果为乔木数量最多,达到108种,灌木67种;(4)引种植物中落叶树种1l2种,多 于常绿树种的71种;(5)引种方向主要是耐盐碱,耐水湿或有一定耐寒,耐热能力的树种;(6)引种树种 在园林绿化中主要用作行道树,园景树,庭园树,水土保持林,花坛,花境和隔离带等. 关键词:国外树种;引种;调查分析;上海 中图分类号:$688.9文献标志码:A论文编号:2011-2925 IntroductionSurveyand.AnalysisofExoticTreesandShrubsinShanghai LiuShuhe,DingPengsong,JinLi~ng.,WangRui,ZhangDeshun,ZhangJingwei (YantaiAcademyo3AgriculturalScience,YantaiShandong265500; ShanghaiForestryStation,Shanghai200072;ChenshanShanghaiBotanicalGarden,Shanghai201602; CollegeofArchitectureandUrbanPlanning,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092) Abstract:InordertosupplynecessarymaterialsforChenshanShanghaibotanicalgardenwiththeprojectof plantingintroductionfrom5continents,theclassification,provenance,ecologicalnicheandlandscapeuseof exotictreesandshrubsinShanghaiwereanalyzedbasedontheintroductionsurveyinrecent20years.The resultsshowedthat:(1)theAeeraeeaehad1:helargestnumberinspeciesamongalltheintroducedfamilies,and LeguminosaeandMyrtaeeaefollowedthe2and3.(2)Therewere71speciesintroducedfromAmericaflora, 3lspecieswerefromEuropeanareaasnext.(3)Fromnichepointofview,thetreehadthelargestnumber reach108species,and67specieswereshrubs.(4)Thedeciduousspecieshad112andevergreenhad71 species.(5)Mostintroducedspeciespossessedtheecologicalcharactersofsalt-alkalitolerance,water resistanceandcold,heatendurance.(6)Theseexoticspeciesweremainlyusedasstreettrees,specimentrees, courtyardtrees,soilandwaterconservationforest,flowerbed,flowerborderandshelterforestandSOon. Keywords:exotictree;introduction;investigationandanalysis;Shanghai 0引言 从国外引种园林树种是进行树种规划与城区绿化 的有效手段,它能在短时间内快速增加本地的植物种 类,通过树种的布局与应用,提升城市的整体绿化水 平.同时,引种的国外树种还能在当地的水土涵养林 构建中发挥重要作用.据不完全统计,从18世纪以 基金项目:同济大