相对论重离子碰撞的新结果.ppt

Recent Results From RHIC 相对论重离子碰撞 研究物质结构新层次新现象的有效手段 RHIC = Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider 3.83 km circumference Two independent rings 120 bunches/ring 106 ns bunch crossing time Can collide ~any nuclear species on ~any other species Top Energy: 500 GeV for p-p 200 GeV for Au-Au Luminosity Au-Au: 2 x 1026 cm-2 s-1 p-p : 2 x 1032 cm-2 s-1 (polarized) The Status of STAR Tim HallmanSTAR TOF WorkshopUSTC, Hefei, ChinaOctober 6-8, 2003 PHENIX Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions and Volcanic Eruption The overlap region in peripheral collisions is not symmetric in coordinate space Almond shaped overlap region Easier for particles to emerge in the direction of x-z plane Larger area shines to the side Spatial anisotropy ? Momentum anisotropy Interactions among constituents generates a pressure gradient which transforms the initial spatial anisotropy into the observed momentum anisotropy Multi-strange Baryons Flow Too A d+Au“control” experiment was been performed! 期待着新的重大发现 RHIC 2004 2008 ALICE 2008 谢 谢 ！ High pT Phenomena at RHIC Very dense matter has been created in central Au+Au collisions! This dense matter is responsible for the disappearance of back-to-back correlation and the suppression of high pT particles ! * 相对论重离子碰撞的新结果 武汉大学报告会，2003年11月 对物质结构的认识的逐步深入 原子核由核子（质子，中子）组成 原子由原子核和电子组成 原子 夸克禁闭 对称性破缺 新层次的新现象 质子由 uud 夸克组成 中子由 udd 夸克组成 夸克层次 跨世纪物理学的两大困惑 19-20世纪之交，当人们欢庆经典物理大厦落成的时候， 天空中飘浮着两朵乌云 它们表明了经典物理的局限性，推动了相对论与量子力学的建立。开创了20世纪的现代物理 光速不变 原子稳定 20-21世纪之交，李政道教授提出： 新的两朵乌云 ，两大困惑 看不见的夸克 丢失的对称性 弄清这两大困惑 探讨解决办法 将会推动物理学向新的高度发展 研究手段 —— 相对论重离子碰撞 1986-2000: CERN-SPS与BNL-AGS 固定靶实验 1986 - 1987 : Oxygen @ 60 200 GeV/nucleon 1987 - 1992 : Sulphur @ 200 GeV/nucleon 1994 - 2000 : Lead @ 40, 80 158 GeV/nucleon 2002 - 2003 : Indium and Lead @ 158 GeV/nucleon NA35 NA36 NA49 NA34/2 HELIOS2 NA34/3 HELIOS3 NA44 NA45 CERES NA38 NA50 NA60 WA80 WA98 WA85 WA97 NA57 NA52 WA94 S O Pb multistrange photons