西方文化鉴赏.pptVIP

Religion and government in the United States The government of the United States of America is the federal government（联邦政府） of the constitutional republic of fifty states that constitute the United States, as well as one capitol district, and several other territories. The federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive and judicial, which powers are vested by theU.S.Constitution in the Congress(国会）, the President（总统）, and the federal courts（联邦法院）, including the Supreme Court（最高法院), respectively; the powers and duties of these branches are further defined by acts of Congress(国会法）, including the creation of executive departments and courts inferior to the Supreme Court. The United States government is based on the principle of federalism, in which power is shared between the federal government and state governments. The details of American federalism, including what powers the federal government should have and how those powers can be exercised, have been debated ever since the adoption of the Constitution. Some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. Contents 1 Legislative branch（立法部门） 2 Executive branch（行政部门） 3 Judicial branch（司法部门） 4 State, tribal and local governments Legislative branch（立法部门） The United States Congress （美国国会）is the legislative branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives（众议院） and the Senate（参议院）. Powers of Congress ■ House of Representatives ■ Senate ■ ■ Impeachment of federal officers （弹劾联邦官员） Congressional oversight （国会监督） ■ Executive branch （行政部门） The executive branch consists of the President and those to whom the Presidents powers are delegated. Judicial branch（司法部门） The Judiciary explains and applies the laws. This branch does this by hearing and eventually making decisions on various legal cases. State, tribal and loca