英语必修5V-ing 作状语(含复习作定语,独立主格).ppt

V-ing 作状语 分词完成时的结构及独立主格等一些重、难点的笔记见本课件P5,6,7,10,11,12 The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song. (= The song is sung over the country, which makes it the most popular song.) * Ving 作定语 1、单个动词的V-ing 形式作前置定语时, 有两种情况。 1)-ing形式表示被修饰者的作用或功能, 这类作定语的-ing形式叫动名词。 a swimming pool = a pool （used） for swimming drinking water = a sleeping car water (used) for drinking = a car (used) for sleeping 2) -ing形式表示 “......的” 意思, 表被修饰者的动作或状态，叫现在分词。 a sleeping child= a child who is sleeping working people= the rising sun = people who are working sun that is rising 2、动词-ing形式作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。如: The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine. In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。 in the following years =in the years that followed The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 the man speaking to the teacher =the man who is speaking to the teacher 一、作用 1．在句子中作状语，修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子。 2．常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式，但通常不表目的；也可表示让步或伴随情况。 3．相当于一个状语从句，其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。 Being ill，she took a few days off． (相当于原因状语从句) As she was ill，she took a few days off． Having finished their work，they had a rest． (相当于时间状语从句) After they (have) finished their work, they had a rest． V-ing作状语 二、形式与基本句型 1．V-ing形式有下列形式变化. 主动式 被动式 一般式为 doing being done 完成式为having done having been done 2．基本句型： v-ing／v-ing短语 + 句子（主谓） 句子（主谓） + v-ing／v-ing短语 Hearing the news，they cried. 听到这个消息时，他们都哭了。 She sat there reading a novel. 她坐在那儿看小说。 三、正确处理两个关系 1．时间关系 当V-ing形式所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生时，V-ing用一般式. 当V-ing形式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前时，V-ing用完成式. Getting on the ship，she waved to us. 她一边上船一边向我们挥手。(同步发生) Having finished his homework，he was allowed to play football． 做完