含杂原子的双子表面活性剂的合成与应用.docVIP

含杂原子的双子表面活性剂的合成与应用 钟声,吴鲲魁,邱红 (辽宁科技大学化工学院,鞍山114051 摘要:以N,N2二甲基十二烷基胺和32氧杂21,52二溴戊烷为原料合成了以32氧杂戊基为联接基团的季铵盐型双子表面活性剂。产物的结构用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱进行表征。测定了25e下双季铵盐水溶液及其与NP26、NP28、NP215、AEO23的二元复配体系的表面张力。结果表明,与传统单链表面活性剂相比,双季铵盐表面活性剂具有更为优异的表面活性;每一种二元复配体系都具有显著降低表面张力的协同增效作用。与传统杀菌剂1631(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵相比,双季铵盐表面活性剂具有更为优异的杀菌抑菌性能,其中对苹果轮纹菌、小麦赤霉菌的杀菌抑菌作用最佳。考察了弱碱性介质中双季铵盐水溶液及其复配体系对锌的缓蚀作用,结果表明:当pH值为8,双季铵盐水溶液的浓度低于20mg/L时对锌具有较好的缓蚀作用,而高于此浓度时的缓蚀效果明显下降并表现出一定的腐蚀作用;在复配体系中,双季铵盐与NP215的1B1二元复配体系对锌的缓蚀作用最好。 关键词:Gem ini表面活性剂;双季铵盐;杀菌;抑菌剂;表面张力;缓蚀 中图分类号:T G174.42文献标识码:A文章编号(20090820534204 S ynthesis and Application of Gemini Surfactant Containing Hetero2atom ZH ONG Sheng,WU Kun2kui,Qiu H ong (Liaoning Univer sity of Science and T echnology,Anshan114051,China Abstract:Quaternary ammonium salt Gemini sur factant with32oxa pentyl being conection gr oups was produced by reaction of N,N2dimethyl2dodecyl am ine and32oxa21,52dibromo pentane.The str ucture of tar get product was verified by IR and1H NMR spectroscopy.Surface tention of biquaternar y ammonium salt aqueous solution and its binar y complex systems with NP26,NP28,NP215,AEO23were measured.The results showed that,compared with convent ional surfactants,biquater nar y ammonium salt had bett er surface activity and each of binar y complex systems had significant syner gistic effect on reducing surface tension.Compared wit h the conventiona l pesticide1631 (cetyltr imethylammonium bromide,t he bacter icida l activity of biquaternar y ammonium was better,especially superior to t he apple lunwen bacteria and fungi wheat chek.The inhibit ion proper ties on zinc of the synthesized sur factant and it s binar y complex systems were studied in a weak alkaline medium.The results showed t hat biquaternary ammonium salt had gr eat cor rosion inhibition performance on zinc with the concentr ation of5~25 mg/L.In the binary com plex systems,the inhibition performance on zinc of the biquaternar y ammonium salt/NP215 was optima l. Key words:Gemini sur factant;biquaternary ammo