管理学第十一版Chapter3 (1).docxVIP

Chapter 3 Organization Culture and the Environment: The Constraints The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? 经理：万能的或象征性的？ Omnipotent View of Management管理万能观 Managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure. 管理者直接负责组织的成功或失败。 The quality of the organization is determined by the quality of its managers. 组织的质量取决于其管理者的质量。 Managers are held most accountable for an organization’s performance. 管理者对组织的绩效最负责任。 Symbolic View of Management管理象征观 Much of an organization’s success or failure is due to external forces outside of managers’ control. 一个组织的成功或失败大部分是由于处于管理者控制之外的外部力量造成的。 T