先天性心脏病英文.pptxVIP

Etiology1.Genetic factor (internalfactor) :Genetic and chromosomal aberrations2. Environmental factor (external factor): High altitude3. Other related factors: Viral infections of pregnancy , Mothers who are diabetic, alcoholics or drug addictive Drugs and metabolic factors4. Inherited factorPreventionThe health protection of pregnant woman should be enhanced.High risk factors, such as drugs, radiation, viral infection, et.should be avoided.Suit dosage Folic Acid should be filled up in early pregnancy stage.Evaluating a child with a heart murmurDoes the child have heart disease?Is it congenital heart disease?If it is congenital heart disease, what is the lesion?What is the severity of the lesion?Assessment of a child for the presence of heart diseaseMinorMajorSystolic murmur garde III or more specially with a thrillDiastolic murmurCyanosisCongestive heart failureSystolic murmur less than grade III in intensity 2. Abnormal S23.Abnormal ECG4.Abnormal X-ray5.Abnormal BP Four Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children ASDVSDPDATOF返回Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)ASD is the most frequent congenital lesion of major importance in adults. It is often not diagnosed until adult life, even in the present era, because it rarely produces symptoms in childhood and the associated physical signs are easily confused with the cardiac findings in normal children. Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children Atrial Septal Defect Three types of atrial septal defect are classified on an anatomic basis: ostium secundum第二孔, sinus venosus, and ostium primum第一孔. All three types are associated with a left-to-right shunt at the atrial level and volume overwork of the right ventricle. 房间隔缺损房间隔缺损—原发孔型位于房间隔的下部，紧邻房室瓣。房间隔缺损—继发孔型亦称中央型或卵圆孔型房间隔缺损—静脉窦型位置接近上腔静脉房间隔缺损Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children Atrial Septal Defect Blood is chronically overcirculated through the lungs at normal intracardiac pressure levels. Increased flow through the pulmonary valve produ