分子生物学第十一章.pptxVIP

Riboswitch Regulation ofGene ExpressionRiboswitches are defined by two main criteria:Direct (protein-free) binding of metabolite to RNAMetabolite-dependent regulation of genesRiboswitches are present in untranslated regions of mRNAs. Their purpose is to regulate gene expression in response to binding small molecule metabolites.This movie demonstrates the molecular events common to most bacterial riboswitches. Resources are listed at the end of the movie.Part I:Gene Regulation by aTypical RiboswitchBacterial riboswitches are present in the 5′ untranslated region of mRNAs.Transcription is regulated by the gene promoter and transcription initiation factors …RNApolymeraseRNA polymerase initiates transcription.A long untranslated leader is produced first.The RNA folds intramolecularly in local regions of complementarity, presumably, while transcription is proceeding.Nascent RNADNA template1234Case 1:Cellular concentration of metabolite is too low to occupy the riboswitch binding site.Transcription and …RNApolymeraseRNApolymerasUUUUAUGCase 1:Cellular concentration of metabolite is too low to occupy the riboswitch binding site.Transcription and intramolecular RNA folding continue.RNApolymerase2314UUUUUAUGCase 1:Cellular concentration of metabolite is too low to occupy the riboswitch binding site.Transcription and intramolecular RNA folding continue.Translation is initiated.Typically the new mRNA codes for a biosynthetic or transport protein that raises the intracellular level of the metabolite. RibosomeGene regulation (next case) is accomplished by variations in the interactions of the regions highlighted in orange. Case 2:Cellular concentration of metabolite (X) is high.RNA polymerase produces the long untranslated leader region.Intramolecular folding can lead to an alternate conformation.XXXXNascent RNAXXRNApolymeraseDNA templateThe alternate riboswitch conformation is stable when metabolite is bound. 1234UUUUUCase 2:Cellular concentration of metabolite (X) is