坡位和密度对桉树林生产力和林下植被多样性的影响.pdfVIP

48 2019 年8 月第35 卷第4 期 坡位和密度对桉树林生产力和林下植被多样性的影响* 刘雅静　　张书源　　李　静　　张茜莹　　邱　权 ( 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院，广东广州 510642) 摘要　以广东省信宜市池洞镇和水口镇桉树人工林为研究对象，通过样地调查，统计和分析了不同坡 位（上坡位和下坡位）和不同密度（低密度 1 350~1 700 株/ha 、高密度1 950~2 475 株/ha ）桉树林个体生 长量（树高、胸径、单株材积）、林分蓄积量及其林下植被物种多样性（Margale 丰富度指数、Simpson 优 势度指数、Shannon-Wiener 指数和Pielou 均匀度指数）。结果表明：（1 ）坡位显著影响桉树林生产力和林 下植被多样性，下坡位桉树树高、胸径、单株材积和林分蓄积量和林下灌木层物种多样性明显高于上坡 位，但下坡位林下草本层物种多样性低于上坡位；（2 ）密度对胸径和单株材积有显著影响，但不影响树高 和林分蓄积量，高密度桉树林下灌木层和草本层物种多样性均明显低于低密度桉树林。总体而言，肥力条 件更好的下坡位更利于桉树生长，产量更高，坡位对林下灌木层和草本层物种多样性的影响有所不同；高 密度（1 950~2 475 株/ha ）造林时，增产效果不明显，但存在林下植被多样性下降的风险。 关键词　桉树人工林；林下植被；物种多样性；坡位；密度 中图分类号: S792.39　　文献标志码： A　　文章编号：2096-2053 （2019 ）04-0048-08 Effect of Slope Position and Density on the Species Diversity of Understory Vegetation and Productivity of Eucalyptus Plantation LIU Yajing　　ZHANG Shuyuan　　LI Jing　　ZHANG Xiying　　QIU Quan (College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642,China) Abstract　Based on the field survey, the species diversity (Margale richness index, Simpson dominance index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index) of understory vegetation and individual growth (height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), and single tree volume (STV)) and stand volume (SV) of Eucalyptus plantation under different densities (low density, LD 1 350~1 700 plant/ha and high density, HD 1 950~2 475 plant/ha) at different slope positions (upper slope (US) and lower slope (LS)) in Chidong town and Shuikou town, Xinyi city, Guangdong province was statistically analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Slope position significantly affected the diversity of understory vegetation and productivity of Eucalyptus plantation, compared to Eucalyptus plantation at US, Eucalyptus plantation at LS had a higher species diversity of understo