英语过去分词详解及练习.docxVIP

过去分词 过去分词是非谓语动词一种重要形式，它在句中可作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。 一、过去分词作定语 1、单个的过去分词作定语，一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。少数不及物动词 作前置定语时仅指完成意义，而不指被动。 e.g. broken cup 打破的杯子 fallen leaves 落叶  polluted water 受污染的水 risen sun 升起来的太阳 2、过去分词作后置定语时，相当于省略了 that/which be 的定语从句。 e.g. The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were very popular. We’ll go to visit the bridge (which was ) built hundreds of years ago. 注意：过去分词与现在分词的区别。 ⑴ 现在分词作定语表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作；过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、 已经完成的动作或状态。 boiling water 正在烧的水 boiled water 已烧开的水  falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子 fallen leaves 已落在地上的叶子 ⑵ 现在分词通常修饰物，过去分词修饰人。 The news is exciting. We are excited to hear the news. 考题演练： 1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing 2. Most of the artists ________ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 4. I dont know the girl ________ in the snow storm. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 答案： AADB 二、过去分词作表语 　　 1、及物动词的过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态，动作的被动和完成。 　　 　 The glass is broken. 玻璃破了。 　　 　 The ground is covered with snow. 地上覆盖着雪。 　 2、不及物动词的过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态，不表被动，只表示动作的完成。 They are gone for vacation. 他们去度假了。 The stick is burnt. 木棍燃烧过了。 注意： ⑴ 要区别过去分词作表语和被动语态。被动语态的动作意义很强，后常跟“ by+ 施动者”。 　 The glass is broken. The glass was broken by Jack yesterday. ⑵ 表示感觉的一些过去分词 (surprised, disappointed, excited, pleased 等) 及其他一些过去 分词（ dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known, married, bent, recovered, separated 等）常可用 作表语，表示状态。其中有些只表状态，毫无被动意义。 　　 　　I found that I was lost. 我发现我迷路了。 　　 　　Those days are passed and gone 那些日子一去不复返了。 　　 　　He is dead drunk. 他喝得烂醉。 三、过去分词作状语 1、表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，可在过去分词前加上 when, while, until 等强调时 间概念。 Seen from the hill (=When it is seen from the hill), the park looks very beautiful. Having been shown around the library (= After we