天津夏季黑碳气溶胶及其吸收特性的观测研究.docVIP

中国环境科学 2011,31(5:719~723 China Environmental Science 天津夏季黑碳气溶胶及其吸收特性的观测研究 蔡子颖 *, 韩素芹 , 黄 鹤 , 姚 青 (天津市气象科学研究所 , 天津 300074 摘要:利用天津城市边界层观测站 2010年 8月 12日 ~9月 18日期间的黑碳、污染物和气象梯度观测数据 , 分析天津市夏季黑碳气溶胶浓 度的变化特征及其影响因子 . 结果表明 , 观测期间 , 黑碳气溶胶浓度均值为 6.309μg/m3, 占 PM 10质量浓度的 4.17%,其吸收消光占气溶胶总体 消光的 10.23%.受人类活动和边界层结构影响 , 黑碳气溶胶浓度日变化呈双峰型 ,7:00达到峰值 ,14:00~16:00最小 ,20:00达到次高峰 . 黑碳气 溶胶浓度随风速增加呈下降趋势 , 当风速超过 4m/s时 , 浓度一般低于 5μg/m3, 西风及西北风对天津城区黑碳气溶胶输送作用明显 , 其出现大 于 10μg/m3的高黑碳气溶胶事件概率为 18.07%;逆温和大气稳定易造成黑碳气溶胶在近地层的堆积 , 形成高污染事件 . 关键词:黑碳气溶胶;吸收特性;影响因子;天津 中图分类号:X131.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-6923(201105-0719-05 Observational study on black carbon aerosols and their absorption properties in summer in Tianjin. CAI Zi-ying*, HAN Su-qin, HUANG He, YAO Qing(Tianjin Institute of Meteorology, Tianjin 300074, China. China Environmental Science , 2011,31(5:719~723 Abstract :Based on the observational gradient date of black carbon aerosol (BC, pollutants, and meteorological data at Tianjin boundary layer station from August 12 to September 18, 2010, characteristics and influencing factors of BC concentration variation were analyzed. The average concentration of BC was 6.309μg/m3and its mass percentage in PM10 was 4.17%.The absorption of BC accounted for 10.23% of total aerosol extinction. Influenced by human activity and boundary layer structure, the diurnal variation of BC showed two peaks, peaked at 7:00, lowest during 14:00~16:00, and the second peak at 20:00. BC concentration decreased with wind speed increasing. The BC concentration was generally lower than 5 μg/m3 when the wind speed higher than 4m/s. West and northwest wind had obvious transportation effect on BC in Tianjin city. The probability of high BC events with the concentration greater than 10μg/m3 was 18.07%. Inversion and atmospheric stability could lead to BC accumulate in the near surface layer and form high pollution events. Key words:black carbon aerosol; absorption properties; influencing factor; Tianjin 黑碳气溶胶是化石和生物燃料不完全燃烧 排放出来的无定型碳质 [1-2], 其对太阳辐射有