组织学与胚胎学06肌肉组织.pptxVIP

MUSCULAR TISSUE 肌 肉 组 织;Ⅰ. Introduction;Muscles: made up of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by CT.;;A. LM structure of Muscle fibers ;4. Myofibrils 肌原纤维 Long, cylindrical in parallel A band, I band, Z line, H band, M line Sarcomere:肌节 1/2 I + A + 1/2 I , shortest contractile unit of skeletal muscle. ;B. Ultrastructure ;Myofibrils 肌原纤维;mad up of thick and thin filaments;Thick filaments 粗肌丝 1.6μm long and 15nm in diameter Occupying A band Made up of myosin molecules:肌球蛋白 ;豆芽状 twistedtogether, Gobular projections at one end form the head.头部 ATP binding site have ATPase activity. Ability to bind to actin Cross-brige 横桥 Arragement rod portion杆部overlap; globular heads direct toward either of the ends ;b. Thin filaments 细肌丝 1μm long and 5 nm in diameter; One end is inserted into the Z line, the other is free and extends into the A band;一端固定于Z 线，一端伸入粗肌丝间，中止于H 带外侧 Composed of actin, tropomyosin and troponin(TnI, TnT, TnC). ; Actin 肌动蛋白g-actin: globular monomers contain binding site for myosin有与肌球蛋白头部结合的位点F-actin: long filamentous polymers consisting 2 strands of g-actin twisted in a duble helical formation;Tropomyosin原肌球蛋白;c. Arrangement I band -- only thin filaments A band -- both thick and thin filaments H band -- only thick filaments (rod-like portions of myosin molecule Z line -- anchor for thin filaments M line – fixation of thick filaments ;2. Transverse (T) tubules 横小管 Formed by sarcolemma invagination at A-I junctions;肌膜向肌浆内凹陷形成的管状结构 Form an anastomosing tubules encircling every myofibril;与肌纤维长轴垂直，同一平面的横小管分支吻合，环绕肌原纤维 Responsible for rapid conduction of impulses. 将肌膜的兴奋传导至肌纤维内部 ;3. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (L tubule)肌浆网 Network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum Encircling each myofibril between 2 adjacent T tubules. 滑面内质网，位于横小管之间 Ends dilated and fused to form terminal cisternae 两端扩大形成的扁囊称终池 ; Storing Ca2+, regulating concentration of Ca2+ within sarcoplasm. 膜中有钙泵 T tubule + 2 terminal cisternae = a tri