专八翻译辅导2019.ppt

常见错误分析 — 语篇层面 三、断句不当，割裂语篇 5. 尤其是在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。 原译 : This was especially true in the country. There people have been living in an unchanged way of life for a thousand years. 改译 : (That accounts for their deep-rooted attachment to her,) especially in the country where their ways of life have been kept intact for thousands of years. 常见错误分析 — 语篇层面 结论 ： ? 在断句方面，往往容易犯两种错误 : 一是死扣原 文，把所的句号都译成句号，把所有的逗号都译 成逗号，忽视了汉、英标点用法的差异 ; 二是随 心所欲，在凡是感到不方便的地方都用句号断开 ，重起一句。两种情况都容易造成全文信息结构 的混乱，也不符合英语重形合的习惯。 精彩译文 ? All people are blessed by nature, rich and poor alike. That accounts for their deep rooted attachment to her, especially in the country where their ways of life have been kept intact for thousands of years. They grow crops and grapes, brew the wine that they drink, raise cows for milk, and weed their gardens for the cultivation of flowers. On weekends they go to church ， and on holidays they enjoy playing music while singing and dancing in open squares. Thus their olden homelands remain as sweet as ever, each with a unique folklore from which its customs have derived. 汉英翻译方法 何为句子？ ? A sentence is a group of words which ， when they are written down ， begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark. Most sentences contain a subject and a verb. ? 一个句子就是一组词，在书面语中，每一个句子 首词的第一个字母大写，句末用句号、问号或者 感叹号 ; 大多数句子有主语和谓语。 汉英翻译方法 ? 英语句子中，大多数句子都有主语和谓语。那么 汉英翻泽，我们要把汉语转变成为准确通顺的英 语，就需要搭建英语的主语和谓语等句式结构。 ? 除了主语和谓语之外，当然还有修饰语。 ? 所以，定主语、找谓语、加修饰就成了汉英翻泽 的最简单，最有效，最不容易犯错误的方法。 汉英翻译三步策略 例： 你知道我们今天参加翻译课的人数吗？ 1. 定主语：你 2. 找谓语：知道人数 3. 加修饰：知道（我们今天参加翻译课的）人数 ? Do you know the number of people attending the translation class today? 汉英翻译三步策略 一、定主语 二、找谓语 三、加修饰 一、 定主语 ? 英语本身语法非常严谨，逻辑非常严密的特点， 所以，在汉英翻译中，主语的确定就是成功构建 英语句式结构的关键，也是保证英语译文和汉语 原文功能对等的关键。 一、 确定原文主语为译文主语 1. 匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生活方式。 Being hasty and at leisure are two quite dist