SAT语法最全总结剖析课堂.ppt

平行结构 ? 在诗歌或散文中，在 语法结构 ，发音，韵律和 意义 等方面连续运 用相似的语言结构 . ? A and B ? A or B ? both A and B ? not Only A but also B ? either A or B ? neither A nor B ? not A but B ? more than 31 2020/4/5 简洁性 : 历届真题中，正确答案为最短或次短选项 的几率占到总试题的 80% 以上。 Brevity is a virtue . SAT 的简洁性原则大致可表现为以下几个 方面 32 2020/4/5 1. 能用一个词或词组表达的绝对不要用一个从句或 句子表达 ? 使用一个完整句子来表达一个信息，一定比一个词或词组要长， 这不符合 SAT 的简洁性原则。 ? 例： The editor is checking the manuscript to see if it is accurate. ? The editor is checcking the manuscript for its accuracy . ? 例： I love the city which is located in the west of Canada. ? I love the city located in the west of Canada. ? 例： I went to the post office so that I could mail a letter. ? I went to the post office to mail a letter . 33 2020/4/5 P .S. ? 中文的表达习惯是使用从句，很多同学把中文转换为英文时，难 免会受到中文的影响，在英文里也使用从句，这也是 Chinglish 的 一个特色。 ? 请翻译： “当你走到第二个红绿灯时，请向右转。” Sample : When you walk to the second traffic light, turn right. ? Turn right at the second traffic light. 34 2020/4/5 2. 用“ because 从句 ”表达原因 ? 表达比较复杂的原因时， SAT 倾向于用“ because 从句”，任何其 他表达无效。 例： I love Mary because she has helped me a lot. 上句是 SAT 喜欢的表达方式。但在 SAT 的迷惑选项中，往往会出现 下列形式： I love Mary due to the fact that she has helped me a lot. I love Mary on account of her having helped me a lot. 35 2020/4/5 3. 许多定语从句可以用一个形容词来表达 ? 在普通语法中，下列句子的定语从句使用不仅正确，还能起到强 调的修辞效果，但在 SAT 看来都是不简洁的表达。 Mary is a girl who is very pretty. Tom is a man who is very old. It is a book that is very interesting. ? Mary is a very pretty girl. ? Tom is a very old man. ? It is a very interesting book. 36 2020/4/5 Run-on sentence 1 ? 定义 ? 特征 ? 解决方法 2 2020/4/5 Run-on sentence definition ? A run-on sentence is a sentence in which two or more indenpendent clauses (that is,complete sentence) are joined with no punctuation or conjuction. 3 2020/4/5 Run-on sentence ? Comma fault Tom put a lighted match on the paper, it started to burn. ? Fused sentence Tom put a lighted match on the paper then it started to burn. 4 2020/4/5 解决方法 1. 逗号 ------- 句号 Tom put a lighted match on the pape