土力学 (6)材料力学.pdf

Soil Fabric Usually, the structure of soil can be departed into three different types according to its microstructure Single grain fabric: Non-cohesive, big particles e.g. Gravel, sand, crushed stone Honeycomb fabric: Chain structure, big void ratio, unstable e.g. Loose, silt Flocculent fabric: Extremely small particles, strong soil-water interaction e.g. Clay Soil Mechanics-chapter1 (a) Single grain fabric (b)Honeycomb fabric (c) Flocculent fabric Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Particle size analysis The particle size analysis of a soil sample involves determining the percentage by mass of particles within the different size ranges. Particle sizes in soils can vary from over 100mm to less than 0.001mm. Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Test Methods • Two tests (a) Sieving test The particle size distribution of a coarse-grained soil can be determined by the method of sieving. (b) Sedimentation test The particle size distribution of a fine-grained soil or the fine-grained fraction of a coarse-grained soil can be determined by the method of sedimentation. Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Sieving test Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Particle size distribution curves The size such that 10% of the particles are smaller than that size is denoted by D10. Other sizes such as D30 and D60 can be defined in a similar way. The size D10 is defined as the effective size. The general slope and shape of the distribution curve can be described by means of the coefficient of uniformity C and the coefficient of curvature C .