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Soil Composition and Phase
Relationships
Soil Composition
Soil is an un-cemented or weakly cemented
accumulation of mineral particles formed by the
weathering of rocks, the void space between the
particles containing water and/or air.
In soil (and in most rock), voids exist between
particles, and the voids may be filled with a liquid,
usually water, or a gas, usually air.
• Different from structure - steel and concrete etc
– highly cemented materials and man-made.
Soil Mechanics-chapter1
Three-phase composition
Air and water Particles
As a result, soils are
often referred to as
a three-phase
material or system
(solids + liquid +
gas)
• Three-phase material =solids + liquid + gas
Soil Mechanics-chapter1
two-phase:
• dry soil
= solid soil particles + pore air
• fully saturated soil
= solid soil particles + pore water
three-phase:
• partially saturated soil
=solid soil particles+pore water+ pore air
Soil Mechanics-chapter1
Phase Relationships （1）
Air
Soil particles
Water
Void spaces Solid particles
(Soil)
(liquid + g
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