工程地质问题分析.pptVIP

Chapter 6  The main engineering geology  problems in civil engineering  第六章 工程地质问题分析 * * The main topics of chapter 6: §6-1 The erosion of river(河流的侵蚀) §6-2 landslide（滑坡） §6-3 Collapse（崩塌） §6-4 mudflow（泥石流） §6-5 Karst and Earth cave（岩溶和土洞） §6-6 The engineering problems in underground engineering （地下工程地质问题） §6-1 The erosion of river(河流的侵蚀) 一、What is river erosion Which mean the damage to the river bed or river bank, the river erosion is the most active,vigorous factor to the change of topography. No river erosion, no complicated surface. 二、The river erosion’s type ? Which can be divided into ： side erosive（侧蚀） cut erosion（下蚀） cut erosion(下蚀) → means that the moving water and its materials carried by water have motive power that makes river bed deepened continuously.Cut erosion are usually obvious in upstream of river. ? In bridge engineering, the location of foundation must be considered carefully. That is the elevation of bottom surface of foundation must will be lower than the erosion base line(侵蚀基准面). Erosion line 1 Erosion line 2 side erosive Side erosion are caused by traverse circulation of river. The results of side erosion is that river valley is broaden . The side erosion is obvious in middle or downstream of river. Preventing method: stone cage, changing of river route Direction of side erosion Direction of side erosion Building is not in good position traverse circulation of river §6-2 landslide（滑坡） ? 一.The definition of landslide ? The soil or rock body slide down along the fixed sliding surface on the action of gravity. ? The happening of landslide may cause the damage of building , endanger human life, also cause the artifical earthquake. 滑坡形态描述 滑坡体 Sliding body 滑坡床 Sliding bed 滑坡壁cliff 滑坡面 Sliding surface 扇形张裂缝 Fan-haped tensive cracks 滑坡舌 鼓胀 裂缝 Swelling cracks 剪裂缝Shear cracks 滑坡周界 滑坡 台阶 二.The feature of different par