翻译单位和语篇分析分析.ppt

翻译单位与语篇分析 Translation Unit Discourse Analysis 第四周 Week Four  每周一练( Practice) The challenge from the Third World has always been foreseen by our shipping companles 来自第三世界的挑战总能被我们航运公司预 见到。 →本航海运输公司总能预见第三世界的挑战。  It has been known for a long time that there is a first relationship between the heart and the liver →心和肝之间存在的第一关系已经被人们知道 很长时间了 →早为人知,心与肝的关系至为密切 →心与肝至为密切的关系早为人知。  As we lived near the road we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry (醋栗)wine, for which we had great reputation, and I confess, with the veracity of an historian, that I never knew one of them to find fault with it k gooseberry:(bush with a) green, smooth, sour but edible berry qused for jam tarts, etc) x veracity: truth or honesty 我们就住在路边。过路人或外乡人常到我们家,尝 尝我们酿的酸果酒。这种酒很有名气。我敢说,尝 过的人,从没有挑剔过。我这话像历史学家的话 样靠得住。  It is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different bias →借助于想象与持不同偏见的人进行辩论,是 个很好的办法 →有一个好办法,就是想象与持不同偏见的人 进行辩论。  It has often been noted that those who live or have lived in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do (Helen Keller) →人们已经注意到大凡受到死亡威胁的人或是 死里逃生的人对于他们所干的任何事总是兴 盎然。  翻译单位 ■ Barkhudarov巴尔胡达罗夫(前苏联) “原语在译语中具备对应物的最小单位。” 按语言等级体系分 音位层 phoneme( grapheme) 词素层 morpheme 词层 词组层 phrase 句子层 sentence 话语层text ★“必要和足够层次的翻译是等值翻译” ★“层次偏低的翻译是逐词死译” ★“层次偏高的翻译是意译”  Peter Newmark(U. K Translation Unit is the minimal stretch of language that has to be translated together, as one unit 翻译单位不宜太长,也不宜太短,以句子最 为合适。 ■立足于包,放眼语篇。  以句为单位 ■尊重原文的主位(意义)推进方式 idealized People began drinking in their own homes because, after 1920, that was the only legal place they could drink 1920年以后,人们开始在自己家里喝酒,因为那 是他们可以喝酒的惟一合法场合。 人们开始在自己家里喝酒,因为1920年以后,那 是可以喝酒的惟一合法场所。  On the morning of a fine June day, my first bonny little nursling and the last of the ancient Earnshaw stock, was born.(E Bronte: Wuthering Heights) x bonny: very pleasant or attractive x nursling: an infant, child, or young anima