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解析高考英语阅读中的长难句
一、 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是主从复合句
(1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many stude nts raised money for them.
(2 ) Having suffered a nu mber of health problems, former Olympic Preside nt Samara nch died on April 21 in Barcelo na.
(3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expa nds opti ons.
二、 长难句阅读法:结构分析法 :明晰句子结构,把握句子的基本框架。
判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;
找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语),分清句子附属成分,理解句子大意。
层层分析,层层剥离
I 、、! I
主干 并列连词 从属连词
句子较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部 分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。 而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见 的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。我们应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来, 找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
三、长难句之分门别类篇
带有较多成分的简单句:去枝叶,留主干。
Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures . (2009江苏)
含有多个从句的复合句:找从属连词 ,分析从句,理解句意。
Whereas a woman s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a faili ng marriage it wasn t unusual to hear a man say that he didn t know that his friend s marriage was in serious trouble un til he appeared one ni ght ask ing if he could sleep on the sofa.
并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法 ——先读懂并列句,再看主从复合句
If you ask people to n ame one pers on who had the greatest effect on the En glish Ian guage, you will get answers like “ Shakespeare ” , “ Samuel Johnsod “Webster”, but none of these
men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn t even speak English— William, the Conq ueror.
含有插入语的句子: 忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题.
这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子,比如同位语(从句) 、
非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等,打断读者的思路,割裂前后之间的语 义,造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开,
The lack of right male (男性的)role models in many of their lives — at home and particularly in the school environment (环境)—means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.(2OO8辽宁卷 C 篇)
Science has become so importa nt in the moder n world, with its procedures so highly sta ndar
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