表语和表语从句讲课稿.docVIP

表语与表语从句 I 什么是系动词： 系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义,有人称和数的变化，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明：有些系动词只在特定词义下才为系动词，因为它们可能是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语。 例如： He fell ill yesterday.（fell是系动词，后跟表语，说明主语情况。） He fell off the ladder.　（fell是实义动词，单独作谓语）。 II 系动词的种类 1．状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。例如： He is a teacher.　他是一名教师。（is与表语一起说明主语的身份。） 2．持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如： He always kept silent at meetings.　 This matter remains a mystery.　 She remained single for her life. It stays warm today. He lay sick in bed. We will stand firm. 3. 感官系动词 感官系动词主要有look, feel, smell, sound, taste。例如： ?You looks tired. You’d better have a rest. This kind of cloth feels very soft. I decide to buy some. The flowers in the garden smell very sweet, which makes me feel very comfortable. ?Medicine tastes bitter, but it’s good to our health. 4. 变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run, make.例如 He became mad after that.　 She grew rich within a short time.　 He turned teacher later. He fell ill last week. He will make a good manager. 这类系动词只有表示变化时是系动词，它们可以做实意动词，表示其他意义。 5．表像系动词 用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear,。例如： He seems very sad. He appeared unhappy. 6．终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证明是”，“结果是之意。例如： The rumor proved false.　 The search for the lost boy proved difficult.　 His plan turned out a success. III什么是表语？ 放在系动词后面，构成系表结构用来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况的成分被称为表语。 IV 什么可以做表语： 名词，代词, 数词, 形容词，方位副词，介词短语，非谓语(to do, doing, v-ed)，和表语从句 The garden is very beautiful. Modern paintings are not to my taste. Reading and writing are different skills. The air in the garden was warm and fragrant. My book is over there. When I called him, he is not in. The fact is that he didn’t break the window. This film is very interesting. My dream is to travel around the world. They were disappointed when I told them the result. V 表语从句 　　在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词有三类： 　　第一类：连接词：that（无任何词意），whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从