牛津上海版8A一般过去时 过去完成时讲解及练习(有答案).docxVIP

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牛津上海版8A一般过去时 过去完成时讲解及练习(有答案).docx

一般过去时现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成:谓语动词用have/has+动词的过去分词(done) 2. 现在完成时的用法: ①表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响; ②表示过去发生的动作持续到现在。 3. 时间状语:通常和already(用于肯定句),yet(用于否定句和疑问句中),since(自从),for+一段时间,recently, ever, never, by now, so far, in the past few years, in the last ten weeks等连用。 ☆have been to/have gong to的区别 have been to have gone to 曾经去过某地(已回) 去某地了,现在还在那个地方或去那的路上 ________________________他去过美国。(他现在不在美国) ________________________他去美国了。(他已经在美国了或者去美国的路上) ☆现在完成时常与次数连用: ______________________________(我去过澳大利亚两次) ☆瞬间动词与持续性动词 瞬间动词表示短暂的、不能持续一段时间的动作,如:begin, start, finish, become, arrive等。 持续性动词表示持续一段时间的动作,如:have, keep, wait, work, learn, live等 注意:持续性动词可以和“for+时间段”、“since+某一时间”连用;但瞬间动词不能与“for+时间段”、“since+某一时间”连用。例如: I have bought the bike for six months. (×) I have had the bike for six months. (√) She has borrowed the book for two weeks. (×) She has kept the book for two weeks. (√) He has joined the party since ten years ago. (×) He has been in the party since ten years ago. (√) They have gone to Beijing since two months ago. (×) They have been in Beijing since two months ago.(√) 瞬间动词与延续性动词之间的转化: leave ---_______ borrow --_______ buy ---_______ begin/start --- be on die ---_______ finish/end --- be over join --- be in+组织机构 get up---be up fall ill --- be ill open sth --- keep sth open come here --- be here become --- be catch a cold ---_______ come back --_______ go (get) out —be out get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) put on --- wear leave ---_______________ 比较一般过去时与现在完成时 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语:_________________________________________等,皆为具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语:_____________________________________________________等,皆是不确定的时间状语。 现在完成时表示持续到现在的动作或状态时,动词一般是延续性的,如____________________________________________,而不会用到非持续性动词如_______________________________________________等。 Ex1:判断正误: 1.I played tennis yesterday. ( ) I have played tennis yesterday. ( ) 2.I had lunch just now. ( ) I have just had lunch. ( ) 3.Whe

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