现实生活中ash均衡分析.pptVIP

inefficiency of nash equilibrium - pollution problem  china re unicon中国联通 life qe soner 中国移动通信 中国电信 CHINA MOBILE romp competiOn of electronic commuinication indutry irlinac  Suppose there is pollution in the market economy, but the government doesnt take any measures to control the pollution caused by enterprises In order to maximize the profits, the enterprises would rather sacrifice the environment than ncrease investment in environmenta protection equipment initiatively According to the rational agents hypothesis, all enterprises wil take the self-interest strategy, regardless of the environment, and it will come to the Nash equilibrium state  Suppose there are two paper factories alon a river, both of them must discharge sewage into the river they can decide whether to govern the sewage or not, but if the pollutant content excesses th e leve the government will punish both of them according to the level of pollution OIf neither of them chooses to govern, then the pollutant content will excess the level serious @2If one of them chooses to govern then the pollutant content will excess the level slightly @Certainly, if both of them choose to  Suppose the profits of 2 firms are both 3, the cost of governing is1, if the pollutant content excesses the level slightly, the fine will be 0.6, if the pollutant content excesses the level seriously, the fine will be 2. enterprise govern not govern enterprise 1 dovern 2.2 1.4.24 not govern 24,14 1,1 The Nash Equilibrium are (not govern, govern, govern, not govern)  So both of them hope that the opponen will govern the sewage and neither of them will choose to govern, so the river will be polluted. This is inefficient for the whole society. igno pollution and wait the other r to goveRm E R  Suppose the profits of 2 firms are both 3, the cost of governing is1, if the pollutant content excesses the level 0. Ihtly, the fine will be 0.6, if the pollutan