课件同位语从句和定语从句的区别(西吉回中：郭金鹏).pptVIP

* * 怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句 西吉县回民中学 郭金鹏 辨别哪个是同位语从句哪个是定语从句? 1)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 一.句法功能不同 从句类型 性质 作用 同位语从句 名词性从句 名词:对先行词进一步解释和说明 定于从句 形容词性从句 形容词: 用来对先行词的修饰和限制 E.g. 1).The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （同位语从句） 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 2).The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定语从句） 你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。 二.根据that来区别 同位于从句 That为连词:连接主从句,不充当任何成分 不能被代替,也不能省略 定语从句 That为关系代词,连接主从句,在从句中作主语,宾语,表语 作主语,宾语时,可用which代替.作宾语时,可以省略. E.g. 1).The fact that he is from Canada is new to me. （that只起连接作用不做任何成分,不可换为which） 2).The fact that /which surprised me is that he is not Chinese. （第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。） 三.从先行词的词性来看 同位语从句 定语从句 先 行 词 抽象名词: hope, idea, news, order, fact, reason, question, conclusion, belief, doubt, truth, evidence, result 人; 物; 抽象名词 E.g. 1). He has an idea that he can make the scientific instrument in a better way. (从句说明idea的具体内容.) 2). The moon is a satellite that goes around the earth. (从句对先行词的修饰和限定.) 四.引导词的区别 是否能用how, whether, what 来引导 同位语从句 能够 定语从句 不能 E.g. 1). The question whether we need it has not been considered. (whether引导同位语从句,只起连接作用.) 2). I have no idea what has happened to him. (what引导同位语从句,在从句中做主语.) 五.由when, where, why引导时先行词的区别 由when,where,why 引导时 充当成分(共同点) 先行词 同位语从句 状语 不一定为时间,地点,原因名词 定语从句 为时间,地点,原因名词 E.g. 1). I have no idea when she will be back. (同位语从句:先行词不表时间.) 2). I still remember the day when l first came to Beijing. (定语从句:先行词表时间.) 六.同位语从句与所修饰的名词是一种同位关系,二者存在着逻辑上的主系表关系.可用”主+系+表”表示. E.g. The news that she has won the first place is true. The news is that she has won the first place. 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国) （第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad