3.2 离散时间傅里叶级数的定义.pdf

3.2.1. Definition （定义） Any sequence x(n) with period N can be represented by a discrete-time Fourier series, i.e.,  2  x(n) X(k) exp j kn ,    (3.5) k N   N  where X(k) is given by 1  2  X(k) x(n) exp j kn .    (3.6) N n N   N  X(k) is called the spectrum of x(n). Note that X(k) has period N. From (3.5) and (3.6), we can see that a periodic sequence can be decomposed into a set of elementary sequences. Any of the elementary sequences, X(k)exp(j2kn/N), has the frequency 2k/N and the coefficient X(k). 3.2.2. Derivation （推导） The right side of (3.5) is  2   X(k) exp j kn  k N   N   1   2   2  x(n ) exp j kn  exp j kn      k N  N n  N   N   N   1  2    x(n ) N  exp j N k(n n )  n  N  k N    n N 1  1 N 1  2    x(n ) exp j k(n n ) . N  N  (3.7) n  n k 0   Since N 1 1, n n 1  2    exp j k (n n )    , (3.8) N k 0  N