长难句如何解析技巧讲解.pdfVIP

长难句理解技巧 题型介绍 高考英语出现了很多难句，并且这些难句主要是长难句。长难句的形成主要通过以下四 种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从 而形成更长的难句。虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考 生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。 解题技巧 句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。但不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由 两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。 而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的 则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。 我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就 清晰了。 如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的单句，可以跳读修饰成分，迅速找出主谓结构。具体 步骤是：先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义；然后再分段理解修饰 成分或附加成分。例如： Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-ter 主语 谓语 宾语 teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures. 如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的并列句，先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连 词的意思理清句子前后是顺连关系还是反连关系，是因果关系还是转折关系等，最后再根据 不同的语境关系正确理解句意。 如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，先分清主句与从句，然后弄清从句的性 质——名词性从句，状语从句，或是定语从句。弄清从句性质对于理解复合句的意思至关重 要。 1. 跳读插入语 The lack of right male ( 男性的) role models in many of their lives—at home and particularly in the school environment ( 环境)—means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against. 2. 跳读非谓语动词短语 In their skins, corals have tiny plants which act as “dustmen”, taking some of the waste products from the coral and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs very much to breathe. 3. 跳读分隔现象 Science has become so important in the modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, thatit is included among modern social institutions. 4. 跳读定语从句 If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these 第 1 页 men had any effect at all compared to man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror. 真题再现 链接高清 【