热能与动力工程专业英语2.6.docxVIP

2.6 Radiation Every free surface emits energy in the form of electromagnetic waves; the amount of energy is a function of the surface temperature. This emitted energy is knows as radiant thermal energy. The nature of this radiant energy is not completely understood, but laws have been formulated that describe its behavior. It is recognized that, as with other forms of radiant energy, radiant heat energy is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves. The complete formulation of the laws governing radiant heat energy must consider that this energy is quantized, that is, the energy is transferred in quanta. In contrast with other modes of heat transfer, no medium is required to transmit radiant energy. In fact some gases, for instance, carbon dioxide and water vapor, absorb some of the radiant energy passing through them. 2.6 辐射 每一个自由表面能量发出电磁波形式的 ; 的能量是一个函数的表面温度。这能量也知道 发出的辐射热能。 这个辐射能的性质尚不完全清楚 , 但法律已经制定 , 描述其行为。 大家承认 , 对其他形式的辐射能 , 辐射能的形式传播的电磁波。完整的配方规律的辐射能必须考虑到 , 这个能量被量化 , 即量子能量传递。相比之下 , 与其他方式的传热、不需要介质传输辐射能。 实际上 , 一些气体 , 例如二氧化碳和水蒸气 , 吸收一些辐射能通过它们。 For a fixed set of conditions, any free surface emits radiant energy of varying wavelengths. The frequency of vibration ( υ) of radiant waves is dependent solely on the source of radiation and is independent of the medium through which they pass. The velocity of radiant waves (V) is a function solely of the medium through which they pass. Thus, the wavelength (λ=Vυ) is a function of both the source and the medium. 为一组固定的条件下 , 任何自由表面放出辐射能不同的波长。振动的频率 ( υ) 辐射波是仅仅依赖于的辐射源 是独立的媒体 , 藉此他们通过。辐射波的速度 (V) 是一个函数仅通过这些介质的通过。因此 , 波长( λ= Vυ) 是 一个函数的两个来源和媒介。 All free surfaces receive radiant energy from all other surfaces that they can “see,”that is, surfaces in direct line of sight. Most problems in radiation deal with the net radiant energy exchanged between a given surface and those that surround it. In common parlance, the term “heat exchanged by radiation ”is used. It must be emphasized, however, that radiation is not heat. Heat is con