心理学 意识和注意(ConciounessAttention).ppt

意识和注意(ConciounessAttention);第一节 意识;心理学史中的意识研究;1。什么是意识;对意识概念的解释;无意识unconsciousness;意識;2。生物节律;昼夜节律(circadian rhythms);视交叉上核：超生物钟;3。几种不同的意识状态;3.1.1 睡眠是普遍的生命现象;不同的动物有不同的睡眠时间 ;人; 不同人的四种睡眠形态;人类不同年龄的睡眠时间;3.1.2 睡眠研究;;睡眠的时相;脑波和睡眠时相(Brain Waves and Sleep Stages);Figure 6.2 (P. 201) Electrophysiological Activity During Sleep. This figure represents EEG recordings during wakefulness and during the various stages of sleep. ;;Figure 6.3 (P. 201) The succession of sleep stages. This graph provides an example of the sequence and duration of sleep stages. During a typical night, the individual went successively through stages 1 to 4 during the first hour of sleep. He then moved back through stage 3 to REM sleep. Thereafter, he cycled between NREM and REM periods, with two brief awakenings at about 3 1/2 and 6 hours of sleep. ;Typical Nightly Sleep Stages;Age and sleep;突触与睡眠;3.1.3 睡眠的生理作用;睡眠的功能理论;3.1.4 不同年龄阶段的睡眠特点;学龄儿童的睡眠;青少年的睡眠;老年人的睡眠;3.2 梦的解释;Cortex in sleep：梦是心头想;3.3 失眠（insomnia）;失眠的规律：;调节行为促进睡眠;3.4 催眠(hypnosis);动物磁（animal magnetism）;催眠过程;你容易被催眠么？;对催眠的不同解释;催眠的应用;精神控制（Mind Control）;3.5 白日梦与幻觉;;电视对儿童白日梦的影响;3.6 Drugs and Consciousness;3.6 Drugs and Consciousness;Drug Tolerance;Psychoactive Drug;Trends in Drug Use;Perceived Marijuana Risk and Actual Use;;注意的含义;注意和意识;注意的外部表现;注意的功能;注意的分类;引起无意注意的原因;有意注意;有意后注意;外部注意和内部注意;注意的品质;提高注意力!!!;注意的生理机制;注意的认知理论;认知资源(cognitive capacity)理论;双加工理论：自动化加工和意识控制加工;思考题