宾语从句讲解及练习附答案.docVIP

一. 宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。二. 宾语从句中引导词的用法??在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：??????????? 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if??????????? 代词：who, whose, what ,which??????????? 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）????????1. 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. ???? 2.引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略：（1）. 宾语从句前有插入语。如：We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们呆在家里。（2）. 有间接宾语时。如：He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。（3）. that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后。如：He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣，所有小孩都喜欢读。（4）. 在“it(形式宾语)+补语”之后时。如：I think it necessary that he should stay here. 我们认为他有必要留在这里。（5）. that从句单独回答问题时。如：—What did he hear? 他听说了什么事？—That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。（6）. 在except等介词后。如：He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病。（7）. 位于句首时。如：That our team will win, I believe. 我相信我们队会赢。（8）. 在较为正式或不常用的动词(如reply, object)后。如：He replied that he disagreed. 他回答说他不同意。（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句??? 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。1.只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句（1）在带to的不定式前例句：We decided whether to walk there. （2）在介词的后面例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film. （3）在动词discuss后面的宾语从句时例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week （4）直接与or not连用时例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time. 2.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句（1）if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny. （2）if引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday. （3）引导状语从句even if