最新沪教牛津版八年级下期中语法复习.docxVIP

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  • 2020-11-13 发布于江西
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最新沪教牛津版八年级下期中语法复习.docx

精品文档 一、动词不定式 (动词不定式的基本结构为“to?do?sth”?有时可以省略?to),在句中除了不能充当谓语外其他成分都可以 ( 充当,如主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等,这学期我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语、宾语 补足语和目的状语。 1.作宾语 需要用动词不定式做宾语的动词有: want,?hope,?wish,?like?,begin,start,?forget,?remember,?need,?ask,?learn,?decide,?would?like,?try,?offer,?plan, refuse,?agree,?help?等。 Remember?to?post?the?letter. I?hope?to?stay?with?you 拓展: (1)当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时,通常需要形式宾语?it?代替不定式,并将真正的宾语(不定 式)置于宾语补足语之后,其结构为:主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式。 I?find?it?difficult?to?learn?Japanese?well. (2)当两个或两个以上的不定式连用时,后面的不定式往往省略?to. He?began?to?read?and?write?after?dinner. (3)动词不定式可以和疑问词?who(m),?which,?what,?when,?how,?where(why?除外)等连用,构成动词不定式 短语,在句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 How?to?control?the?water?pollution?is?a?big?problem. The?trouble?is?whom?to?invite. (4)”疑问词+动词不定式(短语)”作宾语时,相当于一个宾语从句 I?don’t?know?what?to?do?next?time.=?I?don’t?know?what?I?should?do?next?time. 2.作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语时,放在宾语的后面,表示宾语是什么或者怎么样。其后接带?to?的不定式作 宾语补足语的动词(短语)有: ask,?tell,?like,?love,?hate,?would?like,?order,?teach,?want,?wish,?advise等。 The?doctor?advised?him?to?take?a?good?rest. We?asked?him?to?sing?a?pop?song?at?the?party. 拓展: (1)动词不定式作宾语补足语时,在使役动词和感官动词后面需要省略?to,常见的此类动词有: have,?let,?make,?feel,?hear,?notice,?see,?watch. The?boss?made?the?workers?work?over?10?hours?a?day?in?the?past. I?saw?Li?Lei?fall?down?from?his?bike, (2)help?接动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式符号可以省略也可以不省略。 He?often?comes?to?help?us?(to)?do?some?farming?work. 3.作目的状语 动词不定式表目的时,可放在句子的前面,也可以放在句子的末尾,但在句子前面时,动词不定式常用 逗号与句子隔开,而在句子末尾时一般不用逗号隔开。 He?goes?there?to?enjoy?the?fresh?air. 精品文档 精品文档 练习 1.?The?children?decide?_______?their?school?yard?this?Friday?afternoon. A.clean B.to?clean C.cleaning D.cleaned ’2.?He?lost?his?key.?It?made?him?______?in?the?cold?to?wait?for?his?wifes?return. ’ A.to?stay B.stayed C.stays D.stay 3.?How?kind?you?are!?You?always?do?what?you?can?_______?me. A.help B.helping C.to?help D.helps 4.?It?was?time?for?class.?Mr?King?asked?all?the?children________?down?quietly. A.sit B.sat C.to?sit D.sitting 5.?______?a?book?in?the?library,?you?should?enter?a?key?word?into?the?c

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