植物营养的分子生物学：Chapter1 绪论和养分吸收.pptVIP

Ion uptake of plant roots: From physiological concepts to molecular identification (high and low affinity transporters) Kinetics of nutrient uptake – high and low-affinity systems First Order Kinetics Michaelis-Menten Equation Vmax [S] V0 = Km + [S] * * Types of carrier Comparison of passive and active transport ` NO3- NO3- NO3- = 1 mM pH = 6.0 NO3- = c 5 mM pH = c 7.2 Dy = c -100 mV Vacuole PM Cytoplasm Bathing medium Cell wall Amino acids Xylem ATP ADP H+ H+ 2 H+ 2 H+ NO3- NO3- = 10-200 mM pH = c 5.5 Dy = c -10 mV Q1. Describe the difference of ion  concentration between the soil solution  and plant cells (cytosol).Q2. What is active and passive transport  through plasma membrane?Q3. What are antiporter, uniporter,  symport?Q4. What is ATPase?Q5. What is electrochemical equilibrium of  ions? 2.1.4 Ion driving force PMF(Proton Motive Force)Electro-chemical potentials of plasma membrane The production of electro-potential of membrane1. As a result of work by ATPase in membranes2. A tendency of K+ diffusion from cell to outside Anti-port Uniport Co-transport Anti- transpot ? H - ATPase + (泵) H+ H+ + Tonoplast ? PP ase i (泵) H+ + H+ + ATP PPi i Vacuole pH 4.5~5.9 ~ -100 mV Anions H ATPase + (泵) 离子通道 H+ Plasma membrane H+ + H+ + ATP ADP+Pi i Apoplasm pH~5.5 Cytoplasm Cations + 2Pi i NAD(P)H NAD(P) + 共运输 e pump 离子通道 H+ (1~3 H+) + pH 7.3~7.6 -120 to -180 mV FeIII III FeII II H + TM redox ADP+Pi i - 共运输 H+ 单向运输 Cations + Cations Anions Ion channels Outside R-COO- R-COO- R-COO- K+ Inside Membrane K+ K+ K+ R-COO- R-COO- R-COO-K+ R-COO-K+ K+ More positive More negative dμ/dx: chemical potential gradient zFdψ/dx: electrical potential gradient For a neutral solute:μc=μoc + R T ln C (1)For a charged solute:μ=μoc+ R T ln C + z F ψ (2)where μc is chemical potential of an ion, μoc the standard chemical potential, R gas constant (7.95