动词不定式做主语,宾语,与双宾语结构.docx

动词不定式 (the infinitive )用法梳理（ 1） 定义： 动词不定式是由“不定式符号 to+ 动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。 结构： “to +  动词原形”，即 “ to do  ”, 其中  to  不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，动词不定式没 有人称和数的变化。  否定形式为 ：  not / never + to do 句法功能： 一、 用作主语 ○1 多数情况用  it  作形式主语， 把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末  ，特别是不定式短语较长时。 . To learn English well is not easy. = It ’s not easy to learn English well. 1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems. 2. The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. ○2 动词不定式作主语， 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 To see is to believe.(  眼见为实；百闻不如一见  ) 【翻译】成为一个老师是我的梦想。  . ○3  疑问词 +不定式短语 作主语可置于句首。 How to learn English well is important. 补充：用 it 作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ① It ＋ be＋名词＋ to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. ② It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work ③ It ＋ be＋形容词＋ for sb ＋to do 逻辑主语 It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour. ④ It ＋ be＋形容词＋ of sb ＋ to do “ It is stupid of you to write down everything ”， the teacher says. 注意： 在③中 ，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如： difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等； 在④中 ，常用 careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise 等 表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。 在不定式前的 sb. ，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于 Sb. is ＋形容词＋ to do 句式 ， 如： Its kind of you to help me with my English. = You are kind to help me with my English. ⑤ It seems(appears) ＋形容词＋ to do It seemed impossible to save money. 【练习】 1. It ’s very nice of them (send) me the flowers. (become) a teacher is my dream. 3. It 4.  ’ s very important to learn English well.( English well very important. Its our duty _________ the room every  day. A.  同义句转换 to clean B.  )  cleaned C.  clean D.  cleans 5. Its hard for us _________ English well. A. Learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning 建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。 It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover. 7. Its very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for ， of B. of ， for C. to ， fo