《国际工程英语》课件Introduction.ppt

① traffic markings, signs, signals, etc. ② 4 branches: highway engineering; railway ~; harbor ~; airport ~ ⑸ Water Supply and Drainage Engineering providing potable water to the public disposing the waste water safely ⑹ Irrigation Engineering the process of supplying water by man-made methods for the purpose of land cultivation the controlling and harnessing of water by dams, reservoirs, canals, and channels L/O/G/O Introduction What is civil engineering? Nest-type Beijing Olympic Stadium / Bejing National Stadium CCTV Tower Building Road dam Bridge Port Canal Ⅰ Civil Engineering Definition Engineering is the art of converting knowledge into useful practical applications. Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings. Buildings industrial buildings: used by various factories or industrial production civil buildings: residential buildings and public buildings used by people for dwelling, employment, education and other social activities 2. History ⑴ Ancient time ( Earliest) between 4000 BC and 2000 BC in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia the Romans: aqueducts, harbors, bridges, dams and roads. ⑵ Modern time from the mid-17th C. to post-second world war Galileo (beam theory) & Newton (three laws of mechanics) ⑶ Now CAD application (computer-aided design) 3. Scope of Civil Engineering ⑴ Structural Engineering 5 major steps: ① Positioning and arranging ② Finding out the magnitude, direction and nature ③ Analyzing the structure ④ Designing the structure ⑤ Executing the work ⑵ Geotechnical Engineering rock mass & soil the basic idea about the soil ① The properties and behavior of soil as a material under “soil mechanics”. ② The various types of foundations for a structure, for a machine, etc. and their suitability. ⑶ Bridge Engineering passage over an obst