高中英语分词用法及练习.pptVIP

* 分 词 现在分词 过去分词 V-ing (doing) V-ed (done) 现在分词的时态和语态 一般式： 完成式： 主动语态 被动语态 doing having done being done having been done 一般式表示分词动作与主句动作同时发生。 完成式表示分词动作发生在主句动作之前。 过去分词只有一般式, 表示被动关系、完成的动作或与主句动作同时发生。 分词的否定： not + 分词 1.作表语 2.作定语 3.作宾补 4.作状语 过去分词 现在分词 1. 分词作表语 The result is surprising. He is surprised. 现在分词作表语： 一般表示主动或主语的性质和特征, “令人…… ”的意思, 主语多数情况是sth. 过去分词作表语： 一般表示被动或说明主语情感心理上的感受, “感到……的”,主语多数情况是sb. 比较: He was surprised at the result. (即 The result surprised him. ) He was surprising. (即He surprised sb. ) 但不及物动词的过去分词作表语，则表示主动关系：Spring is come. My car is gone. 2. 分词作定语 单个的分词作定语一般要前置： boiling water = water which is boiling boiled water = water which has been boiled 小结：现在分词表示正在进行的动作; 过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 2) 分词短语作定语要后置： The man standing at the gate is our boss. (= The man who is standing at the gate is…) The house built last year is our clinic. (= The house which was built last year is …) 小结：分词作定语时可以改写成定语从句。 注意事项: 1）单个过去分词作定语时也可后置,以示强调。 There are six days left. Please do the exercises given. 2) 现在分词的一般式或过去分词也可表示状态 (无时间性)。 The house facing south is a shop. = The house which faces south is... Gases sent into the air by factories are harmful to health. = Gases which are sent into the air by factories are… 3) 分词短语作定语也有限制性和非选择性, 逗号 是非选择性的标志： He broke the window, making the boss angry. = …, which made the boss angry. The park, opened to the public next year, is two miles away from my house. =The park, which will be opened to the public, ... 4) 现在分词的 一般式被动语态作定语则表示正在 进行,被动关系: The car being repaired is mine. = The car which is being repaired is mine. 5) 不及物动词的过去分词作定语表示主动关系, 完成的动作: fallen leaves= leaves that have fallen arrived guests= guests who have arrived 3. 分词作宾补： We heard them quarrelling in the next room. I’ll get my bike repaired. With time goi