国际贸易实务 第五章复习进程.pptVIP

国际贸易实务 第五章;Cargo Transportation Insurance ;;;Ⅰ. Risks, Losses and Expenses of Ocean Marine Transportation Insurance 海洋货物运输保险的风险、损失与费用;1）海上风险（Perils of the Sea）;Natural Calamities自然灾害：是指不以人的意志为转移的自然界力量所引起的灾害，但在海运保险业务中，它并不是泛指一切由于自然力量造成的灾害，而是仅指恶劣气候(vile weather)、雷电(lightning)、地震(earthquake)、海啸(tsunami)或火山爆发(volcanic eruption)、洪水 (flood)等人力不可抗拒的自然力量造成的灾害。;2）外来风险（Extraneous Risks）; General extraneous Risks一般外来风险：是指由于一般外来原因所造成的风险。主要包括：偷窃theft or pilferage、渗漏leakage、短量shortage、碰损clashing、破碎breakage、钩损hooking、生锈rusting、淡水雨淋rain、受热受潮sweating and heating、串味taint of odor、玷污contamination、短少提货不着non-delivery等。;tsunami;2、Losses 海上损失;missing;Constructive total loss推定全损;2）Partial loss 部分损失 ;General Average共同海损 ： when the ship is in danger, for the safety of ship and most of the cargo, some property is voluntary sacrificed and special expenses are incurred. Such sacrifice and expenses are General Average. 载货船舶在海运上遇难时，为了船货双方共同的安全，以使同一航程中的船货脱离危险，有意识的、人为地、合理地作出的牺牲或引起的特殊费用，这些损失和费用被称为共同海损。; General Average Contribution: all interested parties assume their share to contribute proportionally to cover the losses of the one whose property is voluntarily sacrificed. 共同海损行为所作出的牺牲或引起的特殊费用，都是为使船主，货主和承运方不遭受损失而支出的，因此，不管其大小如何，都应由船主，货主和承运各受益方按获救的价值，以一定的比例分摊。这种分摊叫共同海损的分摊。在分摊共同海损费用时，不仅要包括未受损失的利害关系人，而且还需包括受到损失的利害关系人。;Means a particular consignment is suffered by one whose goods are partly lost or damaged.是指保险标的物在海上遭受承保范围内的风险所造成部分灭失或损害，即指除共同海损以外的部分损失。这种损失只能由标的物所有人单独负???。;A ship started on its voyage after loading, but in the course of the journey a fire broke out during transit in Hold A, which had been loaded with stationary and tea. The captain ordered his crew to pour water on the fire. It was found out, after the fire was extinguished, that part of the stationery had been burned, the remainder and all the tea had been soaked through. Then, what were the natures of the respective losses?;请问：这1000台拖拉机的损失由谁承担， 属于何种 性质？ ; 承运人在取得金鼎公司出具保函情况下，签发了与信用证条款一致的提单。“亨利号”途经某海峡时起火，造成部分饲料烧毁。船长在