油层物理英文课件：Section 2 Porosity of Reservoir Rocks.pptVIP

Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 Section 2 Porosity of Reservoir Rocks Contents Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 Classification of pores Porosity Classification of porosity and its evaluation Factors affecting porosity Determination of porosity Compressibility of porous rocks Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 1 Classification of pores Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 1 Classification of pores Pore space originated when the formation was laid down Original pore or primary pore(原生孔隙) Induced pore or secondary pore (次生孔隙) formed through subsequent earth stresses or ground water action intergranular pores in sandstones, etc Vugs(洞) or solution cavities in limestone(灰岩), etc Types of pores Criteria Characteristics Diameter of pores, mm Width of fissures, mm Super-capillary pores 0.5 0.25 The fluid can flow through these pores under the force of gravity. Such pores occur in loosely cemented sand formations. Capillary pores 0.5~0.0002 0.25~0.0001 Only when the pressure exerted is greater than the capillary pressure of the pores, can fluid flow through. These are the commonly encountered pores in sandstones. Sub-capillary pores 0.0002 0.0001 Fluid can not flow through these pores at normal conditions. Such pores are usually occur in low-permeability zones. Different types of pores Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 2 Porosity Porosity (孔隙度Φ) is defined as the ratio of the void space or pore space in a rock to the bulk volume of that rock. Vt= bulk volume of the sample; VP= pore volume between the solid grains; VS= volume of solid grains; Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 Example: Calculate of the porosity of a cubic packing model of uniform spheres？ Solution: d nd Maximum value Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008 3 Classification of porosity and its evaluation 3.1 Absolute porosity (total porosity) 3.2 Effective porosity The ratio of the volume of all the pore space to the bulk volume of the r