商务统计-C1审计报告.pdf

Chapter 1 What is Stat ist ics? GOALS 1.Understand why we study stat ist ics. 2.Explain what is meant by descript ive stat ist ics and inferent ial stat ist ics. 3.Dist inguish between a qualitat ive variable and a quant itat ive variable. GOALS 4.Describe how a d iscrete variable is d ifferent from a cont inuous variable. 5.Dist inguish among the nom inal , ord inal , interval, and rat io leve ls of measurement. Why Study Stat ist ics? . Let the data speak for themse lves, the more you torture the it, the more it confess. Te ll you the secrets hid ing behind it. The too l to measure data--Stat ist ics Why Study Stat ist ics? · Numerical informat ion is everywhere •2.5 EB bytes of data is created every day. •2,500,000,000,000,000,000 bytes •More than 30 m illion sensors are being used. •More than 4 billion people were using mobile •phones in 2010. •90% of the total data was created in last two years. What is big data? Big data is not for big but for stat ist ics! What gets measured, get managed. If you cannot measure it, You cannot improve it! Stat ist ics is a too l to measure data W ikiped ia—Big Data A co llect ion of data sets so large and complex that it becomes d ifficult to process using on-hand database management too ls or trad it ional data processing applicat ions.The challenges inc lude capture (获取), curat ion （监控）, storage （存储） search （搜寻）, sharing （交换）, transfer （变换）, analysis and v isualizat ion （分析与可视化） It looks at large data sets and turns raw data into act ionable inte lligence” and insights to make better, more valuable market ing dec isions. Astronomy, Genet ic, etc Amazon, Goog le, Facebook, Yahoo,Youtube Why now? stat ist ical learning Computer power： GPU；CPU. The price of d igital storage 摩尔定律 Data warehouses are being w ide ly implemented The sexy job in next 10 years