食品分析(英文课件)：High Performance Liquid Chromatography.pptVIP

Detectors UV Absorbance Detector with Monochromator: There are detectors that consist of a scanning spectrophotometer with grating optics. Some are limited to UV radiation; others encompass both UV and Visible radiation. The most powerful UV spectrophotometric detectors are diode-array instruments. Infrared Absorbance Detectors: Two types of infrared detectors are offered commercially. The range of the first instrument is from 2.5 to 14.5 ?m or 4000 to 690 cm-1. The second type of infrared detector is based upon Fourier transform instruments. Detectors Refractive-Index Detectors: Refractive-index detectors have the significant advantage of responding to nearly all solutes. That is they are general detectors analogous to flame or thermal conductivity detectors in gas chromatography. In addition, they are reliable and unaffected by flow rate. They are, however, highly temperature sensitive and must be maintained at a constant temperature to a few thousandths of a degree centigrade. Furthermore, they are not as sensitive as most other types of detectors. Detectors Fluorescence Detectors: Fluorescence is observed by a photoelectric detector located at 90 deg to the excitation beam. The simplest detectors employ a mercury excitation source and one or more filters to isolate a band of emitted radiation. More sophisticated instruments are based upon a Xenon source and employ a grating monochromator to isolate the fluorescent radiation. An inherent advantage of fluorescence methods is their high sensitivity, which is typically greater by more than an order of magnitude than most absorbance procedures. Electrochemical Detectors: These devices are based upon amperometry, polarography, coulometry, and conductometry. They appear to offer advantages, in many instances, of high sensitivity, simplicity, convenience, and widespread applicability. Optimization of operation condition methods Adjust reserve factor Improve the theoretical plate number(N) Improve the